LCA Food 2012 in Saint Malo, France! - Manifestations et colloques ...

PARALLEL SESSION 5A: FOOD LABELLING 8 th Int. Conference on LCA in the
Agri-Food Sector, 1-4 Oct 2012
The functional unit is: “100g or 100ml of consumable food product”. All the stages of the lifecycle recommended
in BPX30-323 are accounted for in the methodology of this study:
raw material production
packaging production
production and packaging stages
transport of raw materials, packaging, finished products
distribution of products
flows related to transport and energy infrastructures
use of the products on customer premises
end of lifecycle of finished product and packaging
Three indicators were selected as inputs to the calculation of the label: GHG emissions (g CO2 eq), raw
water consumption (L) and freshwater eutrophication (g PO4 --- eq). These indicators were selected according
to criteria on relevance, methodological feasibility (quantification) and availability of Life Cycle Inventories,
determined by the ADEME-AFNOR working group on food and feed products (“Working group 1”). Furthermore,
despite several proposals to account for biodiversity criteria, impacts on biodiversity could not be
accounted for in this study for feasibility, data quality and relevance reasons. Should the Environmental Index
be widely deployed, an additional study will be needed to work on biodiversity indicators.
Responding to the BPX 30-323 requirements, suppliers provided primary data by filling out a questionnaire
in Excel form. Two to six weeks are necessary for suppliers to collect all the information necessary to
calculate the impact of the product.
Table 1. Data collected among suppliers
Life cycle step Data collected
Production of Recipe: ingredients and quantity
ingredients Loss of raw materials
Production of Materials and weight for primary, secondary and tertiary packag-
packaging
ing per consumer sales unit
Number of consumer sales units per secondary and tertiary packaging
Transformation Total quantity of production in the factory over a year, for all
products references
Total energy and water consumed in one year in the factory
Other products consumed (refrigerant leakage, etc.)
Quantity and composition of wastewater
Retail Conservation method during transport and retailing
Transport Transport of ingredient from the field to the supplier factory:
distance, mode of transportation and conservation method
Transport of packaging from the field to the supplier factory:
distance and mode of transportation
Transport of the finished product from the supplier factory to
Casino warehouses: distance, mode of transportation, quantity of
consumer sales unit delivered of each warehouse and conservation
method
Use Conservation method and typical cooking practices (especially
heating)
End of life -
Secondary data are extracted mainly from the EcoInvent database, except for agriculture data. The latter
are derived from scientific studies or calculated by BIO IS through a simplified LCA (without peer review).
More than 30 LCAs of animal products, vegetables and fruits were conducted within this study. Data used
for the LCAs are from public scientific literature, methodological ADEME-AFNOR guides, CORPEN
(2006), Projet CASDAR (2009), federations of producers, technical institutes and sometimes producers.
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