LCA Food 2012 in Saint Malo, France! - Manifestations et colloques ...

PARALLEL SESSION 7A: CONSUMERS 8 th Int. Conference on LCA in the
Agri-Food Sector, 1-4 Oct 2012
key socio-demographic parameters for cause and effect relationship tests for WTP option (yes/no) and WTP
value.
3. Results
3.1. Environmental impact of different broiler production systems
Table 1. Life cycle impact assessment of energy use, global warming potential, acidification potential and
eutrophication potential associated with the production of one tonne live weight of broiler chickens from
three different Malaysian housing systems. For the impact of each housing system, the values in a row show
the absolute amount followed by, in italics, the percentage of the total impact accounted for by that particular
activity
594
Broiler feedrelated
Breeder feedrelated
On-farm inputs/
emission
Fertiliser
Credit
Energy use (MJ)
Closed house system 8,946 74.2% 828 6.9% 2,280 18.9% -3,679 8,375
Open house system 10,417 83.42% 1,104 8.9% 908 7.3% -3,945 8,484
Semi-intensive system 12,892 84.9% 1,065 7.0% 1,236 8.1% -4,807 10,386
Global Warming Potential (kg CO2 eq. on a 100 year timescale)
Closed house system 1,603 82.7% 142 7.3% 192 9.9% -680 1,257
Open house system 1,866 86.7% 190 8.8% 95 4.4% -784 1,367
Semi-intensive system 2,309 87.6% 179 6.8% 148 5.6% -889 1,747
Acidification Potential (kg SO2 eq.)
Closed house system 12.8 67.8% 1.2 6.5% 4.9 25.7% -2.0 16.8
Open house system 14.9 68.5% 1.6 7.5% 5.2 24.0% -2.3 19.4
Semi-intensive system 18.4 70.1% 1.4 5.2% 6.5 24.6% -2.7 23.6
Eutrophication Potential (kg PO4 eq.)
Closed house system 7.9 76.0% 0.7 7.0% 1.8 17.0% -0.3 10.0
Open house system 9.2 76.1% 1.0 8.0% 1.9 15.9% -0.4 11.7
Semi-intensive system 11.4 78.6% 0.7 5.0% 2.4 16.4% -0.4 14.1
After considering the offset values from manure as fertiliser, the SI system recorded the largest burdens in
the categories of Energy Use, GWP, AP and EP with 10,386 MJ, 1,747 kg of CO2 eq., 24 kg of SO2 eq. and
14 kg of PO4 eq. respectively (see Table 1). This was followed by the OH system, with the CH system being
the least environmentally impacting, producing approximately 14 to 28% lower impacts than the SI system.
Broiler feed-related inputs accounted for approximately three quarters of the impact values (with 67.8 to
82.7% for the CH system, 68.5 to 86.7% for the OH system and 70.1 to 87.6% for the SI system), followed
by other on-farm inputs and emissions from the manure and chickens, while breeder feed-related inputs contributed
the smallest environmental impact. Breeder feed-related inputs contributed approximately 5 to 9%
to environmental impacts, with the OH system producing the highest impacts compared to other systems,
since this system required four breeder hens to produce one FU. The CH system required an energy input of
approximately four times that of the SI and OH systems, largely due to heating and ventilation requirements.
However, the SI system produced much higher burdens from emissions, especially the categories of acidification
and eutrophication potentials, mainly due to the large amount of manure generated throughout the
extended production cycle of 12 weeks.
3.2. Estimation of consumers’ WTP for chicken-HRE
For the first objective of the CVM survey, respondents were asked to evaluate the relative environmental
impact resulting from the six major economic activities of Malaysia. On average 48.1% of respondents considered
the manufacturing sector as being the major contributor of negative impacts on environmental quality,
followed by the chemical industry (31.9%), transportation (10.5%), agriculture (5.7%), mining (2.9%)
and construction (1.4%). Almost two-thirds of respondents (63.3%) stated that the efforts taken by the both
the Government and the industry in these six economic activities to prevent environmental degradation were
less than their rate of development. Meanwhile, half of respondents stated that quality was the main factor
influencing their decision when purchasing chicken meat, and 40% of respondents believed that safety and
price were essential in their decision. Over half of those surveyed believed that environmental problems
arising from poultry production were generated from the production stage (including housing system)
whereas only 5% considered that production of feed gave the negative impact.
Total