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Prevention and control of animal diseases worldwide
Part I: Economic analysis: prevention versus outbreak costs
US$ million
- of which EC: 1.9
Grants supported through UNDP 7.7
WB AI Emergency Recovery Project, 2004 (A204) 5
WB National Health Support project 13
TOTAL 45.9
(a) does not include some support provided by NGOs and private companies
Source: Vietnam Ministry of Agriculture (MARD) and Ministry of Health (A271)
Due to these efforts, as discussed elsewhere in this Report, Vietnam’s national integrated plan is one of the
strongest not only in the region but also in the world (section 4.2.3). Indeed, the response and mobilisation
of the international community and the cooperation of the national VS can be considered exemplary.
Currently, Vietnam’s HPAI prevention and control operations are carried out in the framework of the
Integrated National Strategy and Pandemic Response Plan (Red Book), and the Integrated Operational
Plan (Green Book). The background to the development of these plans is discussed briefly below.
Following the National Preparedness Plan 113 of September 2005, specific action plans were approved for
the human and animal health sectors: the National plan of Action on Human Influenza Pandemic
Prevention and Control 114 (November 2005), and the Emergency Disease Contingency Plan for Control of
HPAI (December 2005).
Built upon the National Preparedness Plan, the Integrated National Plan for Avian Influenza Control and
Human Pandemic Influenza Prevention and Response 2006-2008 (A271), also known as Red Book, was
completed in January 2006. The Red Book laid out the actions and the costs to undertake during 2006-
2008 for the animal health and human health sectors. The plan supports the improvement of co-ordinated
prevention and national preparedness, strengthening surveillance and early warning systems,
strengthening HPAI control and outbreak containment and sets out the key areas to be addressed towards a
medium term agenda. The estimated total budget required by the Red Book was US$266 million, of which
US$ 137,5 million (52%) for the agricultural sector to control HPAI in domestic poultry and US$ 128,5
million (48%) for the health sector for preparedness and response to a human influenza pandemic 115 .
113 The estimated required budget under this Plan was VND 8,877 billion, of which 45% for animal health, and 55% for human
health. The budget for the human health was further sub-divided into: costs of treatment (accounting for 75% of the
total); the costs of prevention; Tamiflu stocks; and other costs.
114 The National plan of Action on Human Influenza Pandemic Prevention and Control estimated a cost of VND
17,000 billion for health activities in case of an outbreak of human influenza pandemic.
115 A more detailed budget is provided in Table 1 of the Plan (A271)
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