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Prevention and control of animal diseases worldwide
Part I: Economic analysis: prevention versus outbreak costs
4.2.3. Assessments of costs at national (country) level
As indicated in the previous sections, the costs of prevention and control systems depend on the specific
conditions of each county, including the nature of the disease and its prevalence (Annex 1), the current
situation of the VS and preparedness levels (section 4.2.1), and the structure of the sector. All these factors
affect the costs of establishing comprehensive surveillance, implementing controls, and developing
biosecurity. Consequently, these costs need to be defined as much as possible on a country by country
basis.
In the case of HPAI, more detailed assessments of the costs involved at country level are available.
The data on total country needs from the ALIVE needs assessment for Africa indicated in the previous
section (Table 4 and Table 5), are based on estimates of the costs of the animal health component of the
national plans for the prevention and control of HPAI for each of the 54 African countries covered by the
project 76 (A258). These estimates are derived from an analysis of national AHI emergency preparedness
plans, as drafted by most African countries themselves and are therefore derived from the countries’ own
assessment of the situation. It is also noted that the analysis and synthesis of the data by ALIVE has
involved significant work, as the original plans are presented in a different way between countries in most
cases. As indicated in Figure 5, the highest needs at country level were identified by Egypt, Kenya and
Nigeria (accounting respectively for 14%, 12% and 11% of the total needs). This reflects the high risk
perception and the importance attributed by the national governments of these countries to HPAI. The
situation in Nigeria is further assessed in the case study on this country presented in this Report (section
5.3.).
76 Except South Africa and Libya, for which no detailed estimates of the animal health component are available.
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