2294 part 1 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

Prevention and control of animal diseases worldwide
Part I: Economic analysis: prevention versus outbreak costs
Other main sources of country data, for countries in Africa and in the other regions, have been the World
Bank APL projects under the Global Program for Avian Influenza (GPAI) 77 and the national plans. As at
present, a total 13 countries have received financing under the APL facility for integrated AHI
preparedness and response projects, the majority of which are currently implemented. In terms of the
national plans, as discussed in section 3.4.3, most countries currently have plans in drafting process. From
a recent review of the countries that responded to the 2006 UNSIC survey (including some 125
developing/transition countries which are members of the OIE) in the majority of cases such plans are in
drafting process (A236b).
Thus, APLs and national plans were obtained for 47 countries in total (in some cases, including Romania
and Vietnam, both documents were available). Overall budgets, main components and budget breakdown
per component are presented in Annex 4.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of these documents:
• In accordance with the recommendations of the competent organisations (OIE, FAO, WHO, WB),
an increasing number of plans integrate the animal and human health components into a single
strategy and approach. Nonetheless, in a number of cases, plans only deal with the animal health
component. Conversely, some countries have pandemic influenza plans but no animal health plans
as such. The preparation of an integrated plan is an objective of the assistance provided to
countries under the WB APL facility.
• Comparisons between countries are difficult, as national plans tend to differ significantly in terms
of lay out, contents, components, duration (in years) and the level of detail. As indicated above,
this problem was also encountered by the ALIVE analysis of the African country plans.
Furthermore, there is no systematic and uniform independent expert appraisal of the plans at
present, which could be used as a guide to the quality of these documents 78 .
77 The World Bank has two main mechanisms to help countries deal with avian influenza in animals and to prepare
for a possible human flu pandemic. The first of these is a global funding program, formally known as the Global
Program for Avian Influenza (GPAI). A description of the GPAI and an overview of its implementation to July 2006
are provided respectively in A43 and A135. The second mechanism are trust funds, notably the new multidonor
Avian and Human Influenza Facility (AHIF) – which will channel approximately $75 million of the funds committed
by donors at the Beijing Conference on avian flu in January 2006.
78 Some plans have been reviewed/assessed by various bodies (e.g. the FAO, UN Technical Agencies, the WHO, the
WB etc.), these reviews are not done in a systematic or uniform manner. Furthermore, results of these reviews are in
most cases confidential or not readily available. The closest uniform analysis at present is provided in the November
2006 UNSIC survey which provided individual country profiles for the 155 countries that were covered by the
survey (including some 125 developing/transition countries that are members of the OIE). The profiles were done in
a standardised format, following the 6 success factors for AHI plans outlined by UNSIC (strong political
commitment, clear procedures and systems for rapid implementation, attention to improved functioning of VS,
incentives/compensation schemes provided, mobilisation of civil society and private sector, mass communication
campaign), on the basis of information submitted by the countries and additional information collected by UNSIC
agencies.
Civic Consulting • Agra CEAS Consulting 64