2294 part 1 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

Prevention and control of animal diseases worldwide
Part I: Economic analysis: prevention versus outbreak costs
Box 1 Key components of a global action plan to control avian influenza in animals and limit the
threat of a human influenza pandemic
• Control at Source in Birds. Improving veterinary services, emergency preparedness
plans and control campaigns (including culling, compensation, quarantine and
movement restrictions and vaccination).
• Surveillance. Strengthening early warning, detection and rapid response systems for
animal and human influenza; building and strengthening laboratory capacity rapid
confirmation; rapid and transparent notification.
• Rapid Containment. Support and training for the investigation of animal and human
cases and clusters, and planning and testing rapid containment activities.
• Pandemic Preparedness. Building and testing national and global pandemic
preparedness plans; strengthening health system capacity, training clinicians and
health managers.
• Integrated Country Plans. Developing integrated national plans across all sectors to
provide the basis for coordinated technical and financial support.
• Communications. Factual and transparent communications, in particular risk
communication, is vital.
Source: Global Strategy for the Progressive Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, OIE/ FAO/WHO,
March 2007 (A40).
This strategy was drawn up before the Africa HPAI outbreaks, so the objective at that time was to
progressively control the spread of HPAI, mainly of the H5N1 strain, in domestic poultry of all affected
countries of Asia and Eastern Europe, and to prevent the disease from reaching those other regions and
countries not until then infected, but at high risk 24 . Thus, the global strategy was adapted by AUIBAR in
collaboration with the OIE/FAO to suit African specificities (A258). A vision and an outline of a strategy
for the prevention and control of HPAI in Africa was also proposed by the FAO in July 2006 (A285),
which is consistent with the initial OIE/FAO Global Strategy of November 2005 and supplements the AU
IBAR strategy document.
Specific provisions that exporting Member Countries need to comply with in order to export are laid down
in the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (Table 1). In addition, since September 2004, the FAO had
developed specific recommendations 25 on the prevention, control and eradication of HPAI in Asia 26 , as
24 Africa was at the time classified as a ‘new region at risk’ and action was foreseen at a regional level. Only for
infected countries (with HPAI: Cambodia, Lao, Vietnam, Indonesia; with H7/H9: Pakistan) and for non-infected
countries ‘at immediate risk’, action was foreseen at both country and regional levels.
25 A distinction is made here between OIE international standards, guidelines and recommendations (Table 1) and
FAO recommendations, which are not international standards.
26 This is a position paper that presents the main scientific and technical issues and recommendations on prevention,
control and eradication of HPAI, with a tabulated summary of FAO conclusions and recommendations in annex.
They have been prepared with the contribution of several experts and government officials, including from the OIE,
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