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120 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia Global Integrity. 2008. “Ethiopia: Integrity Indicators Scorecard.” Ethiopia scores for “The Global Integrity Report,” Global Integrity, Washington, DC. http:// report.globalintegrity.org/Ethiopia/2008/scorecard/. ILO (International Labour Organization). 2009. “Report of the Committee on Legal Issues and International Labour Standards.” Decision report, April 14, ILO, Geneva. Klitgaard, Robert, Ronald MacLean-Abaroa, and H. Lindsey Parris. 2000. Corrupt Cities: A Practical Guide to Cure and Prevention. Oakland, CA: ICS (Institute for Contemporary Studies) Press; Washington, DC: World Bank Institute. MOE (Ethiopian Ministry of Education). 2010. “Feedback.” July 22. MOFED (Ethiopian Ministry of Finance and Economic Development). 2006. “Ethiopia: Building on Progress: A Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty (2005/06–2009/10).” MOFED, Addis Ababa. Pankhurst, Alula. 2008. “Enhancing Understanding of Local Accountability Mechanisms in Ethiopia: Protecting Basic Services Project.” Protecting Basic Services (PBS) II preparation studies, final main report for the World Bank, Washington, DC. Patrinos, H., and R. Kagia. 2007. “Maximizing the Performance of Education Systems: The Case of Teacher Absenteeism.” In The Many Faces of Corruption: Tracking Vulnerabilities at the Sector Level, eds. J. Edgardo Campos and Sanjay Pradhan, 63–87. Washington, DC: World Bank. PBS (Protection of Basic Services) JRIS (Joint Review and Implementation Support). 2008. Report, Addis Ababa. VSO. 2009. “How Much Is a Good Teacher Worth? A Report on the Motivation and Morale of Teachers in Ethiopia.” VSO International, London. World Bank. 2006. “Protection of Basic Services [PBS] Review.” Project appraisal document, World Bank, Washington, DC. ———. 2008. “First Phase of GEQIP.” Project appraisal document, World Bank, Washington, DC. ———. 2009. “Protection of Basic Services [PBS] Phase 2.” Project appraisal document, World Bank, Washington, DC. “World Bank vs. Ethiopia: Response to Dr. Ishac Diwan’s letter.” 2006. Ethiopian American Civic Advocacy. May 24.
CHAPTER 4 Rural Water Supply Corruption in Ethiopia Roger Calow, Alan MacDonald, and Piers Cross Introduction In Ethiopia, investment in rural water supply underpins the government’s poverty reduction efforts. The challenge is huge: roughly 50 percent of the (mainly rural) population still have no access to safe water, and the country has the highest number of people in Sub-Saharan Africa without access to improved water supply and sanitation. The consequences are dire: every year, roughly 250,000 children die from diseases related to poor water and sanitation, and many others face the daily grind of collecting water from distant sources. To meet the challenge, the government has set ambitious targets under its Universal Access Program (UAP) to achieve full coverage by 2012, with major investment from government, donors, and (increasingly) communities. Considering the scale of the challenge, Ethiopia has made significant The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions and field work by Derek Ball, Yemareshet Yemane, and Elizabeth Mekonnen. Although this chapter results from studies completed by January 2010, the process of checking, reviewing, and securing agreement for publication was finally brought to conclusion only in late 2011. The chapter is therefore put forward with the caveat that while it reflects the situation at the time of the study, some details will have understandably changed. 121
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DIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENT Public Se
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Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia P
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Contents Foreword Preface About the
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Contents vii Chapter 6 Construction
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Contents ix Map 3.1 Ethiopian Regio
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Contents xi 3.6 Summary of Corrupti
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Foreword The government of the Fede
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Preface Although many would argue t
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Preface xvii Goldie-Scot, Piers Cro
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xx About the Editor and Authors bil
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xxii About the Editor and Authors g
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xxiv Abbreviations GAC Governance a
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CHAPTER 1 Overview Janelle Plummer
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Overview 3 Focusing on Ethiopia, th
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Overview 5 for their knowledge of c
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Overview 7 and group discussion wit
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Overview 9 analysis, Goldie-Scot ge
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Overview 11 Chapter 8: Telecommunic
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Overview 13 might be explained by t
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Overview 15 The perceptions of corr
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Overview 17 Given the Ethiopian gov
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20 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopi
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44 Figure 2.4 Corruption Vulnerabil
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170 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiop
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Annex 4.1 Ethiopian RWS Borehole St
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CHAPTER 5 Justice Sector Corruption
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Justice Sector Corruption in Ethiop
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CHAPTER 6 Construction Sector Corru
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Construction Sector Corruption in E
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Figure 6.5 Drivers of Corruption Ri
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292 Table 7.1 Upstream Value Chain
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CHAPTER 9 Corruption in the Mining
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Corruption in the Mining Sector: Pr
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