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16 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia capacity included further development and reform of the civil service, increased numbers of qualified professionals (particularly for licensing of mines), and adoption of proven management systems and procedural improvements (particularly in construction). • Promotion of trust, which emerged as a critical recommendation in a number of sectors, could be addressed through (a) procedural changes to remove conflict of interest and make decision making and procurement more transparent and rules-based (construction); (b) civic outreach (justice); and (c) establishment of professional and multistakeholder forums (the ETC-supplier forum in telecom or the education working group) that promote dialogue and improve communication among stakeholders. A Basis for Dialogue, A Time to Circumvent Corruption To the World Bank and other development partners, the study offers lessons in how to promote dialogue on corruption in a transparent and relatively unthreatening way. Although the Bank’s GAC strategy and support has been in place for three years, many donors (including the Bank) are still reticent to discuss corruption. All too often, the discussions are left until misdoings are discovered and sanctions are being applied. The mapping approach used in this multisector corruption diagnostic proved that in most instances (all but one of the eight sectors), all stakeholders (both state and nonstate) are willing and able to discuss corruption when given the appropriate forum(s) to do so. It showed, in all cases, that disaggregating the sector into clearly defined parts, and discussing each in turn, systematizes the discussion and enables more methodical and objective reporting. It also showed that stakeholders involved in corruption transactions are often willing to discuss what happens (when and why) in some detail, many of them underlining to outsiders the reasons why they engage. It is notable, too, that discussions in the workshops were significantly more open and productive when facilitated by people experienced in “talking corruption.” These are all critical lessons for analysis in other countries in the region and elsewhere. Finally, readers are urged to consider this document as a start to a process of uncovering and tackling corruption. The limitations of the diagnostics notwithstanding, this multisector effort has provided useful information for discussion, validation, or triangulation in new sector-level forums for dialogue.
Overview 17 Given the Ethiopian government’s stated zero tolerance of corruption, its challenge now is to acknowledge, not dismiss, the possible risks and to put in place a rigorous campaign of efforts to celebrate and protect the areas of low corruption risk—and investigate and tackle the apparent high-risk areas—directly and transparently. In this way, the country can guard against those practices that might otherwise take Ethiopia down the high-risk path of so many other countries in the region. Note 1. TI (Transparency International). 2010. Definition of “corruption” in frequently asked questions (FAQ) on TI website. http://www.transparency.org /news_room/faq/corruption_faq. References Campos, J. Edgardo, and Sanjay Pradhan, eds. 2007. The Many Faces of Corruption: Tracking Vulnerabilities at the Sector Level. Washington, DC: World Bank. World Bank. 2008. Country Assistance Strategy. World Bank, Washington, DC, April 2.
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Page 5 and 6: Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia P
Page 7 and 8: Contents Foreword Preface About the
Page 9 and 10: Contents vii Chapter 6 Construction
Page 11 and 12: Contents ix Map 3.1 Ethiopian Regio
Page 13 and 14: Contents xi 3.6 Summary of Corrupti
Page 15 and 16: Foreword The government of the Fede
Page 17 and 18: Preface Although many would argue t
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154 Table 4.4 Value chain area Cons
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Annex 4.1 Ethiopian RWS Borehole St
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CHAPTER 5 Justice Sector Corruption
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Justice Sector Corruption in Ethiop
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Table 5.2 Disposition of Civil and
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CHAPTER 6 Construction Sector Corru
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Construction Sector Corruption in E
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Figure 6.5 Drivers of Corruption Ri
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CHAPTER 9 Corruption in the Mining
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Corruption in the Mining Sector: Pr
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