Complete Book PDF (4.12MB) - World Bank eLibrary

Overview 3
Focusing on Ethiopia, this book builds on the fundamental premise of
The Many Faces of Corruption and attempts (within the limitations set out
below) to consider the forms that corruption takes and identify the risks
of corruption in eight sectors. The compilation enables the reader to
observe the commonalities and differences among the selected sectors
and to construct a broad picture of corruption risks in Ethiopia.
Mapping Corruption along a Sector Value Chain
The mapping of corrupt practices and risks can be structured in a number
of ways: by government jurisdiction; by actor (public, private, civil society);
or by stage along the sector value chain—the chain of actions or
transactions that occur within the sector.
In service delivery, for example, the value chain approach might mean
consideration of corrupt practices in policy making, planning and budgeting,
procurement, and so on. The chain moves through the process of
service delivery to the final payment at the point of service delivery, as
shown in figure 1.1. The corruption maps identify the corrupt transactions
that occur at each point in the value chain.
This type of sector corruption map improves understanding of which
risks dominate the sector, how risks are linked across the sector, and
which actors are involved in the transactions identified. It also provides
pointers for further diagnosis. Although the results can vary significantly
by region, sector, and institution, the mapping approach can highlight the
factors and incentives that determine the areas of high and low corruption
risk. Where the sectors show commonalities, cross-cutting anticorruption
mechanisms can be developed.
Methodologies for Sector Diagnostics
Although the sector experts designed the diagnostic methodologies most
suited to their respective sector and stakeholder contexts, they also
applied a number of universal principles.
Figure 1.1
Delivery
A Value Chain Approach to Mapping Corrupt Practices in Service
policy making
&
regulation
planning,
budgeting,
&
fiscal transfers
design
&
management
tendering
&
procurement
implementation
&
operations
payment
Source: Author.