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Corruption in the Telecommunications Sector in Ethiopia: A Preliminary Overview 373
Ethiopia’s telecommunications sector, attempting to explain whether
current perceptions of corruption are warranted; what type of corruption
is taking place; and, if so, in which parts of the telecommunications
sector and in which parts of the process. Based on stakeholder
perceptions and analysis of available documents, the conclusion here is
that there are indeed significant corruption risks in three specific areas.
Detailed recommendations have been made about how these risks, and
the associated lack of confidence in the sector, can be addressed.
Notes
1. In this analysis, “corruption” is interpreted widely to include bribery, extortion,
fraud, deception, collusion, cartels, abuse of power, embezzlement, trading
in influence, money laundering, and similar unlawful actions.
2. A recently completed international fiber-optic cable, one of several potentially
indirectly serving Ethiopia, required an investment of US$650 million.
3. Transparency International listed public works and construction as the most
corrupt sector out of 19 international sectors surveyed (TI 2008). http://
www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/bpi.
4. Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation (ETC) Establishment Council of
Ministers Regulation No. 10/1996.
5. Public Enterprises Proclamation No. 25/1992
6. This section and figure 8.2 draw on a range of sources, including Hartley and
Murphree 2006.
7. Source data for figures are drawn from the BuddeComm telecommunications
research site, in turn compiled from various sources (BuddeComm 2009a,
2009b).
8. The ETC response to the draft of this chapter strongly challenged a number
of these perceptions (ETC 2010).
9. The ETC strongly challenged this perception (ETC 2010).
10. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE): Definition of Powers and
Duties of the Executive Organs of the Federal Democratic Republic of
Ethiopia Proclamation No. 471/2005; Telecommunication Proclamation No.
49/1996; Telecommunications (Amendment) Proclamation No. 281/2002;
Public Enterprises Proclamation No. 25/1992 ; Ethiopian Telecommunication
Corporation Establishment Council of Ministers Regulations No. 10/1996;
Telecommunication Services Council of Ministers Regulations No. 47/1999;
Telecommunication Services Council of Ministers Regulations No. 47/1999.
11. FDRE: Determining Procedures of Public Procurement and Establishing its
Supervisory Agency Proclamation No. 430/2005.