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324 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia
Notes
1. With support from Imeru Tamrat of Multi-Talent Consultancy PLC.
2. Woredas are administrative districts in Ethiopia, each of which comprises a
number of kebeles. The kebele is Ethiopia’s smallest administrative unit (in
Amharic, literally “neighborhood”).
3. Author interview with FEACC Commissioner Ato Ali Sulaiman.
4. This estimate was provided by an interviewee who had more than 12 years’
experience in land administration in Addis Ababa municipality. The members
of the opposition interviewed stated they wanted to establish an independent
body to investigate the 20,000–25,000 properties that they believe politicians
and the elite have grabbed. These numbers are subjective and subject to
political bias.
5. FEACC Web page, “Toward Consolidating Anti-Corruption Efforts.” http://
www.feac.gov.et/web_collection/publication_and_spots_English_starter.htm.
6. FEACC 2008a, Appendix 7.
7. FEACC 2008a, Appendix 1.
8. FEACC, “Toward Consolidating Anti-Corruption Efforts.” http://www.feac
.gov.et/web_collection/publication_and_spots_English_starter.htm.
9. FEACC 2008a, Appendix 7.
10. FEACC 2008a, Appendix 1.
11. Author interview with Amare Aregawi, editor of The Reporter, Addis Ababa.
12. The FEACC commissioner described the encroachment on the green areas in
the Addis Ababa Master Plan as endemic and a key outcome of corruption in
the land sector (interview with Ato Ali Sulaiman, June 2009). The Office for
the Revision of the Addis Ababa Master Plan states that one of its key environmental
objectives is protecting endangered green areas.
13. For example, the Amhara land law (proclamation 133/2006) sets out a dispute
resolution process in article 29.
14. One of the expert panels cited the example of recent attempts to formalize
possession in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, and Hawassa municipalities by using
unpublished municipal directives. The formalization activities were conducted
with little consistency and transparency and were discontinued for
unexplained reasons before benefiting all eligible informal holders.
References
Crewett, Wibke, and Benedikt Korf. 2008. “Land Tenure in Ethiopia: Path
Dependence, Shifting Rulers and the Quest for State Control.” Review of
African Political Economy 35 (2): 203–20.