Complete Book PDF (4.12MB) - World Bank eLibrary

374 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia
12. FDRE: Protection of Telecommunications and Electric Power Networks
Proclamation No. 464/2005.
13. Discussions with sector representatives revealed some willingness to discuss
their perceptions verbally but a strong reluctance to commit them to writing.
A confidential survey of the sector was distributed to all organizations consulted,
but only two completed surveys were returned.
14. This section reports on the research conducted by Neill Stansbury.
15. The diagnostics noted that the ETC did follow proper procurement procedures
in some instances. For example, a contract with a major international
supplier placed in 2004, which is not yet finalized, was also briefly assessed.
As far as could be told from the contract documents, this contract was publicly
advertised before tender, involved several major international competitors
in a competitive tender, and there was a public bid opening.
16. The ETC indicates that it invited eight international vendors: Nokia, Ericsson,
ZTE, Siemens, Alcatel, Wouhawe, Midock, and CITCC (ETC 2010).
17. At the time of conducting this diagnostic, the FEACC was not aware of
whether these areas have been appropriately dealt with by the ETC.
18. This saying, initially by a late Roman sage, is now commonly attributed to
Dr. Samuel Johnson, who referred to it in “The Idler,” No. 85, December 1
1759.
19. Though both bribes and facilitation payments are illegal, there is an important
distinction between them. A bribe is intended to induce an official to
behave improperly, such as by overlooking breaches of procedure. By contrast,
a facilitation payment is intended to induce an official to behave properly,
when all the necessary documentation is in order and due process has been
followed. The distinction between the two becomes blurred when the sums
involved become significant in relation to the recipient’s salary.
20. In the response to the draft of this chapter, the ETC did not agree with all
examples provided in the following risk areas (ETC 2010).
21. Internationally, the concept of an “independent assessor” is most commonly
encountered in connection with integrity pacts in the construction and
defense sectors. The same concept can, however, be applied to any situation
where there is a need for an experienced independent assessor who carries the
respect of all stakeholder groups.
References
Adam, Lishan. 2007. “2007 Ethiopia Telecommunications Sector Performance
Review: A Supply Side Analysis of Policy Outcomes.” Country Profile Series,
Research ICT Africa!, Cape Town.