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Justice Sector Corruption in Ethiopia 195
Table 5.1
Passage of laws shaping
sector operations
Development, passage
of sector budgets
Human resource
management
Three Value Chains for Justice Sector Corruption Risk
a. System Organization
Potential forms of corruption
• Political actors collude to ensure that rules increase their control
over personnel decisions and influence other internal
operations.
• Political actors collude to increase their immunity from legal actions.
• “Entrusted” actors bribe or offer other considerations to
lawmakers to enhance their own positions and powers.
• Private actors or citizens offer bribes or other considerations to
executive and legislative officials to secure the most favorable
legal framework for their own operations.
• Political and governmental actors include earmarks for
unnecessary services and facilities for their own benefit or that
of protégés.
• Potential providers of goods and services offer bribes or other
considerations to executive and legislative officials to insert
earmarks.
• Political or governmental actors engage in trade-offs or favoritism
to locate service units to favor certain groups.
• Political authorities set salaries for classes of actors (or even
individuals) based on favoritism, political trade-offs.
• “Entrusted” actors reduce the merit component in selection of
judges, prosecutors, defenders, police, and their own staffs
through politically directed selection based on nepotism,
political contacts, or the selection group’s desire to create their
own internal networks (e.g., Venezuela, RB’s tribus legales).
• Potential candidates for positions as judges, prosecutors,
defenders, police, their staffs, and private entrusted actors use
bribes, exchanges of favors, or networks of influence to shape
the selection system.
• Political and governmental actors assign personnel to positions and
direct promotions based on favoritism and political contacts or,
influenced by employees, based on bribes or promises of future
favors.
• External (nongovernmental) patrons buy or otherwise influence
decisions regarding assignment of personnel.
• Political actors use the disciplinary system to punish those
(including private entrusted actors) who resist pressures and
bribes and to reward those who acquiesce.
• External (nongovernmental) patrons buy or otherwise influence
disciplinary decisions.
• Public actors who oversee private bar performance and licensing
of these and other officers of the court accept or solicit bribes or
succumb to favoritism in making their decisions.
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