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294 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia
These five identified thematic areas are central to the Land Governance
Assessment Framework (LGAF) that the World Bank recently developed
(Deininger, Selod, and Burns 2011). The LGAF, described further in
box 7.2, is a tool that has contributed to the assessment of corruption in
the land sector in Ethiopia.
Box 7.2
Land Governance Assessment Framework
The LGAF is a diagnostic tool for the evaluation of the legal framework, policies,
and practices relating to land policy, administration, use, and management. The
LGAF groups the assessment into five thematic areas:
• Legal and Institutional Framework
• Land Use Planning, Management, and Taxation
• Management of Public Land
• Public Provision of Land Information
• Dispute Resolution and Conflict Management.
A coherent set of 21 indicators and 80 dimensions sets out objectives for
land governance in the five thematic areas. For each indicator, a set of two to six
dimensions describes key aspects in land governance that contribute to the
indicator. In turn, for each dimension, a set of coherent statements describes
four situations, graded from A to D. The methodology for LGAF implementation
relies on
• expert analyses of more than half the dimensions;
• expert panels reaching consensus on various sets of dimensions (five panels
with about 20 dimensions per panel); and
• sampling for a limited number of dimensions where further evidence is
required.
An LGAF assessment highlights areas for legal, policy, or procedural reform to
improve land governance. Using a comprehensive framework such as this provides
an overarching illustration of issues and can be used over periodic intervals
to reassess the status or compare interregionally.
Source: Deininger, Selod, and Burns 2011.