Climate change impacts and vulnerability in Europe 2016
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Introduction<br />
Table 1.4 Overview of other relevant EEA reports published s<strong>in</strong>ce 2012<br />
Year Title Scope<br />
2012 EEA Report Water resources<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> <strong>in</strong> the context of<br />
<strong>vulnerability</strong> (EEA, 2012b)<br />
2013 Jo<strong>in</strong>t EEA–JRC report<br />
Environment <strong>and</strong> human health<br />
(EEA, 2013c)<br />
2013 EEA Report Balanc<strong>in</strong>g the future<br />
of <strong>Europe</strong>'s coasts — knowledge<br />
base for <strong>in</strong>tegrated management<br />
(EEA, 2013b)<br />
Analysis of droughts <strong>and</strong> water scarcity, pollution, <strong>and</strong> flood risks, which all<br />
<strong>in</strong>crease the <strong>vulnerability</strong> of freshwater ecosystems <strong>and</strong> societies. L<strong>and</strong>-use<br />
<strong>change</strong>, water abstraction <strong>and</strong> climate <strong>change</strong> are key factors<br />
Overview of environmental issues with a direct or <strong>in</strong>direct <strong>in</strong>fluence on people's<br />
health <strong>and</strong> well-be<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g climate <strong>change</strong> (e.g. heat waves <strong>and</strong> floods)<br />
Key susta<strong>in</strong>ability challenges for <strong>Europe</strong>an coastal areas <strong>and</strong> waters, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g the<br />
ma<strong>in</strong> climate <strong>change</strong> hazards <strong>and</strong> vulnerabilities <strong>in</strong> different <strong>Europe</strong>an mar<strong>in</strong>e<br />
regions, i.e. sea level rise, <strong>in</strong>creased coastal erosion, storm surges <strong>and</strong> loss of<br />
specific habitats<br />
2015 EEA Report State of <strong>Europe</strong>'s seas<br />
(EEA, 2015e)<br />
2015 EEA Technical report State of<br />
nature <strong>in</strong> the EU: Results from<br />
report<strong>in</strong>g under the nature<br />
directives 2007–2012 (EEA, 2015f)<br />
2015 EEA Technical report <strong>Europe</strong>an<br />
ecosystem assessment — concept,<br />
data, <strong>and</strong> implementation<br />
(EEA, 2015a)<br />
2015 The <strong>Europe</strong>an environment —<br />
state of the environment <strong>and</strong><br />
outlook 2015 (EEA, 2015d)<br />
Assessment of whether or not <strong>Europe</strong>'s seas are healthy, clean, undisturbed <strong>and</strong><br />
productive; the ma<strong>in</strong> susta<strong>in</strong>ability challenges, <strong>and</strong> how the EU is respond<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
<strong>Climate</strong> <strong>change</strong> (e.g. sea surface temperature <strong>in</strong>creases <strong>and</strong> potential ocean<br />
acidification) is one of the pressures that can further weaken the ecological<br />
resilience of <strong>Europe</strong>'s seas<br />
Description of the state of nature <strong>in</strong> the EU, based on reports from Member States<br />
under the Birds <strong>and</strong> Habitats Directives, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g status <strong>and</strong> trends of species<br />
<strong>and</strong> habitats, <strong>and</strong> on the ma<strong>in</strong> pressures <strong>and</strong> threats identified by Member States,<br />
<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g climate <strong>change</strong><br />
Information on ecosystems <strong>and</strong> their conditions, as part of assessments<br />
of implementation of the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020. It identifies <strong>and</strong><br />
analyses climate <strong>change</strong> as one of five ma<strong>in</strong> pressures affect<strong>in</strong>g ecosystems<br />
<strong>and</strong> their services (the other four are habitat <strong>change</strong>, <strong>in</strong>vasive species, l<strong>and</strong>-use<br />
management, <strong>and</strong> pollution <strong>and</strong> nutrient enrichment)<br />
Comprehensive five-yearly assessment of the <strong>Europe</strong>an environment's state,<br />
trends <strong>and</strong> prospects, <strong>in</strong> a global context. Analysis of policy implementation<br />
<strong>and</strong> opportunities to modify exist<strong>in</strong>g policies to achieve the EU 2050 vision of<br />
liv<strong>in</strong>g well with<strong>in</strong> the limits of the planet. It <strong>in</strong>cludes a synthesis report, various<br />
<strong>Europe</strong>an brief<strong>in</strong>gs, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g one on climate <strong>change</strong> <strong>impacts</strong>, <strong>vulnerability</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
adaptation, <strong>and</strong> a report on global megatrends, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g on climate <strong>change</strong><br />
<strong>Climate</strong>-ADAPT<br />
The various recent EEA reports on climate <strong>change</strong>,<br />
<strong>impacts</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>vulnerability</strong> <strong>and</strong> on adaptation<br />
are complemented by <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> the<br />
<strong>Europe</strong>an <strong>Climate</strong> Change Adaptation platform,<br />
'<strong>Climate</strong>‐ADAPT' ( 7 ). It is a publicly accessible<br />
web‐based platform designed to support policymakers<br />
at EU, national, regional <strong>and</strong> local levels <strong>in</strong> the<br />
development <strong>and</strong> implementation of climate <strong>change</strong><br />
adaptation policies <strong>and</strong> actions. <strong>Climate</strong>-ADAPT is<br />
hosted <strong>and</strong> managed by the EEA, <strong>in</strong> collaboration with<br />
the <strong>Europe</strong>an Commission. S<strong>in</strong>ce its launch <strong>in</strong> March<br />
2012, the website has been cont<strong>in</strong>uously updated<br />
with new <strong>in</strong>formation, for example from EU research<br />
projects, transnational projects, <strong>and</strong> national <strong>and</strong> local<br />
authorities.<br />
1.1.5 Relevant assessment reports from other<br />
organisations<br />
S<strong>in</strong>ce 2012, various <strong>in</strong>ternational assessment reports<br />
with a focus on climate <strong>change</strong> <strong>impacts</strong> <strong>and</strong> adaptation<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> have been published by other organisations.<br />
A selection of them is summarised <strong>in</strong> chronological<br />
order <strong>in</strong> Table 1.5, but several others have been<br />
published <strong>and</strong> used for this report.<br />
( 7 ) http://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu.<br />
36 <strong>Climate</strong> <strong>change</strong>, <strong>impacts</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>vulnerability</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> <strong>2016</strong> | An <strong>in</strong>dicator-based report