Dissertation - World Federation of Music Therapy

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#7 27.1 Disc OK #8 17.02. Disc OK #9 07.03. #6 –> hænger godt sammen med at jeg accepterer at mine arme ikke er blevet bedre; måske alligevel søge FP? FOKUS: Når først jeg har givet slip (på gl. selvbillede), hvad kommer så? Nysgerrig. Glæder mig. Træet, stilhed Drøm: tante og moster dør. Tung i krop og sjæl. På vej ind i ny fase? Mave, bryst, hals. FOKUS: Hvad handler det om? Nysgerrig. Det irriterer mig stadig at jeg tænker: sikke en masse besvær jeg laver (når jeg ansøger om Montebello) Kropsguiding fra hoved til fødder – gi’ slip, afsp. – stilhed; obs. på glæden, nysgerrighed – hvad mon kommer? Kropsgennem-gang. Lysende kugle. BRO. Bryst/ hjerte, Varme. Lad den brede sig –> kroppen rundt 30’ POST: Go’ energi. Op af madrassen. Tegne. MANDALA: Morgenrøde. Fredfyldt. Fred med mig selv. Smukke, stærke farver. Vandfarve. S. Foldede sig ud og gemte sig ikke. Tog imod mine impulser til at gå til den! Meget glad for mandala´en. Går herfra med frisk energi (suset?) 1. Resphigi (Gianicola) 1. Robåd. Vuggende. Hjerte. Leder efter..... sidder i trækronen. Tidlig morgen. 2. Debussy (Sirener) 3. Chesnokov 4. Pachelbel 1. Strauss – Heldenleben 2. Brahms 3. symf, allegretto 3. Beeth. –> 4. Elgar/ cello 5. Ravel 6. Bizet 7. Mendelsohn 2. Bjørn. Naturen. Englekor. Træet åbner sig – folder sig ud. Storm. Jeg ER træet. Bøje/ strække/ danser. Tidligere ville det have provokeret mig, men sådan er det slet ikke. Dystert, men også kraftfuldt –> mere i fred med mig selv! Nat. 3. Stjerner... ....... (dybere vejrtrækning) Fredfyldt. 4. Danse på eng. Kvinder = alle mig. Dejligt. Alle ind i mit underliv. Levende, varmt. POST: Hvad fandt du? Dét at kunne være i det! (den kropslige fornemmelse af at stå fast + bevægelse + række opefter). Om forskellen på 1) at ville forandring til det bedre (undgå smerte f.eks.) og 2) at acceptere at det er som det er! MANDALA: Hjerte, båd, træ, stjerner. 1. På vej ind i en drøm. Maven knuget; ikke foldet sig ud igen. Brug for nærvær, omtanke for mig selv. Accept af dét der er! Føles godt i maven, skyllet ren 2. Lette bølger .... forventning. Få billeder. Hoved – vil gerne gi’ slip 3. Der kommer noget, men væk igen. Uro fordi jeg ikke fangede det! 4. Ro, men også forventningsuro 5. Fredeligt; lys i glimt (åndedræt dybere) 6. Er landet et andet sted. Et eller andet er renset. Musikken. Hvile i kroppen. 7. (Refleksioner: sygdomsbekæmpelse:) Kløe i arret, tungsind = angst for sygdom. Noget er lettet. /Føles godt. 46’ + 4’ POST: 2 billeder dukker op- sådan var det: fra pt. hotellet: 1) det ser OK ud 2) (forringet lydkvalitet) dræn(huller) og poser. Sammenhæng til fokus? Angsten for død/ sygdom er der jo. Men ’jeg er landet et andet sted.’ Nyt perspektiv. Hvilket sted? Renset? Plads til tungsind? 1. Elgar cello 1. Prøver at få billeder af mig selv på Montebello få/ ta’ imod omsorg. Svært 2. Ravel at holde fast i dem. .... ikke så mange billeder, men lys... 3. Bizet 2. Lys – minder om healing; forstyrrende tanker om hussalg mm. – ro igen 4. Mendelsohn 3. ................... (Tavs – ro, dyb kropsfornemmelse) Ro
Disc OK #10 17.03. Disc OK Andre har det værre end jeg. Hva’ mon andre tænker? FOKUS: Styrke omsorg for mig selv og retten til at være mig Forholdet til Sine (11) hun har det skidt. ’Det beg. da du blev syg, mor.’ Svært. Gl. og ny sorg dukker op. 5. Bach – Air 32’ + 4’ (Postl.) (Forringet lydkvalitet) Lad alle følelser og 1. Albinoni: Adagio stemninger få plads. 2. Bach: Komm süsser Find ind til det rum 3. Bach: Mein Jesu hvor din sorg, dine 4. Bach: Mein Jesu længsler bor...... solar 5. Bach’s Air plexus + lys LOSS 33’ 4. (Tavs – kropssitren, gi’r slip?, åndedræt dybere/ friere) Mod slutningen kunne musikken være et billede på min kamp med mig selv. 5. Minder om gamle dage (musikken, som jeg lyttede til da jeg var ung) – fra en tid hvor jeg kender ’det-er-i-orden-at-være-mig’ fornem-melsen. RO i brystkasse og mellemgulv. POST: Ikke så meget at tale om. Kropsfornemmelsen vigtigst. Ah! Dejlig slutning. MANDALA: Genopstandelsen i værenstyngden 1. Ro. Som efter at ha’ tømt vand ud af båd. Plads til lys. Jeg som lille frø, foster i hule. Man skulle ha’ en dobbelt navlestreng –> Gud og mor .... er ved at finde den. / Kløe i fingre.... ... efter at handle.... 2. ...nogle gange ligesom at løbe væk fra.... (Hals! Hvad sker?) Mor. Jeg kvalte hende. Slap af med skyld og skam. Har ingen gode erindriger – det er bare sort (græder) .... vil positivt.... men Gi’ det lov at være som det er lige nu? 3. Halsen? Det trykker (gaber, masserer kæberne, gråd) /Det er noget med accept – kommer jeg ud på den anden side? 4. Tror ikke jeg kommer ud på den anden side; urealistisk – for hvad er den anden side? (græder). Hvordan lige nu? Både svært og ok. Gi’ plads for begge dele på én gang.......... Nu? Det føles OK - Gennemlevet! (krop/ åndedræt friere!) 5. ........... (frigjort åndedræt, smil, kæber afslappet, strækker arme ud) POST: Om at finde nye kamre i sig selv. Fordybelse. At ønske sin mor død. Ikke tro på at lykken er et andet sted. Selvudviklingsfilos<strong>of</strong>i: slippe fri af smerten > < at leve med den. MANDALA: Gud hvorfor har du forladt mig? Det har jeg heller ikke! Kors med sol bagved. Går herfra med fornyet energi til at takle Sine. Farvel og på gensyn.
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THE BONNY METHOD OF GUIDED IMAGERY
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Ph.D. student’ with me the last t
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vi 4. METHODOLOGY..................
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viii
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TABLE 8. 4 EVENT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS
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xii
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xiv
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xvi
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As you will see there are many comm
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The participants in this study use
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Music in medicine The terminology o
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Music in medicine vs. Music therapy
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more likely a reaction to a cancer
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melanoma Boesen (2002) reviewed the
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test showed that there was less ten
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More general overviews of how music
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Table 2. 1 Literature on BMGIM and
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Populations include non-clinical/he
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McKinney 1990 University students M
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Table 2.2 shows that most of the st
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Facilitating peak experience Provin
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express and work on their experienc
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2) locus of control (inner mastery
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in contrast to Burns’ study, the
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In Denmark two music therapists hav
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3 Theoretical background 3.1 Introd
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metaphor influenced each other in o
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is closely related to the body and
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structures or patterns that “allo
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explaining a phenomenon with other
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Ricoeur agrees with Ernst Cassirer
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“It appears as though certain fun
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daily life myths and fairy tales ma
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extent that it is organized after t
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Table 3. 4 Three moments of mimesis
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Thus, symbols and metaphors are the
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4. Psychotherapy as humane care - r
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I suggest the following working def
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The scale of Klein et al. was not u
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In a psychological perspective meta
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3.5 Narratives in psychotherapy In
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second category (analogous to ‘in
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“There currently exist no consens
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Table 3. 7 Mimesis 1-3 in narrative
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3.6.1 Music as analogy A paper by D
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Smeijsters has coined the double co
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Table 3. 8 Musical elements interpr
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function through its pre-existent s
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end, motion and rest, tension and r
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Lakoff and Johnson’s cognitive th
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crying, or symbolized as falling ch
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our analyses. For it is only by ope
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Based on his study Jungaberle formu
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and ending on dominant a - a new ro
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cross is inevitable, and the music
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is the instrumental Ground from Blo
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therapists. Open and attentive list
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closely related to basic human self
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less elegant dance. My dance is a b
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describes him or herself as ‘feel
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asket and then lie down, tell about
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Holocaust Shadow (Schulberg 1999),
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Craftsmen are working The foundatio
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series of actions and transformatio
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References to examples in the BMGIM
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“Sublime music tells in its own w
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4. Methodology Following on from ch
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trained in Aalborg is still indigen
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3) The study has its starting point
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material or intentional phenomenon,
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can also be applied in multiple met
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Table 4. 1 Basic information on the
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• The preliminary conversation (a
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One week before project start all p
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Participants score each item on a 4
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c) Audio recordings (mini-disc) of
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• Specification (1. Sensitizing c
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The imagery of the six participants
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5. Results of the quantitative inve
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The mean score of the group in depr
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Table 5. 2 Effect sizes measured at
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Figure 5. 5 QLQ-C30: Mean scores of
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These results are variable, and onl
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Statistical analysis of QLQ-C30 res
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Figure 5. 9 SOC Mean scores from th
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Figure 5. 11 SOC: Pre-test, post-te
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Results - inferential statistics an
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The results support hypothesis ten.
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generalised further, was evidently
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6. Results from the qualitative inv
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Potential of GIM in other phases of
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coding, where the categories are in
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PIJØ: It has been very hard for me
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how should it be, should there be m
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changing. Participants described ho
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IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF SELF (NEW
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elated subcategories. Using specifi
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D. In a few sessions the therapists
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B1 Metaphorical investigations of t
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imaging. This becomes even clearer
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odily or meditative states. In cont
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7. Two case studies. A mimetic anal
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The two cases will be presented sep
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In fig. 7.1 the therapist has given
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the healing process and was a contr
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say: ’We don’t want it to work
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Level 3 Configuration is the core o
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Trials and Tasks Observes a grey ar
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pre-test level at follow-up, while
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She knew that her own scores had no
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In fig. 7.3 the therapist has given
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eflections on the predominance of e
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and I might as well accept it. Roge
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childish, playful.” From an initi
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solution through a message, and in
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Figure 7. 4 INLAs QLQ-C30 scores, i
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• the courage to confront dangers
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e observed, also in this axis, that
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’story line’ and writes a story
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Table 7. 7 A grounded theory model
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episodes dominated by (inner) body
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8. Analysis of music and imagery Th
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8.1.1 Qualitative music research In
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This means that: Description is nev
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methods intended for analysis of (p
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following preparations: 1. Informat
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An Eclectic Approach to the analysi
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was used to investigate potential c
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Figure 8. 2 The dynamic profile of
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there was dialogue between solo ins
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were used partially (in 35 sessions
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Following the guidelines of HMA the
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Figure 8. 4 Intensity Profile of Br
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Figure 8. 5 The digitized waveform
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for assessment. In this project the
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score it is possible to see exactly
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B2 (46-51) V/E Ot B3 (52-55) E Ot V
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C2 (91-100) R R V/S V/E C3 (100-106
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The analysis of the unfolding image
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she only reports verbally that she
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• The complete narrative, based o
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an experience further before finish
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Figure 8. 6 Intensity profile - Bac
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This profile - or map of the’ inn
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Table 8. 4 Event structure analysis
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A5+t (14-16) B1+t (17-21) R S S R V
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B5 (37-39) B6 (39-41) answered tona
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V and irritated, not R wanting to s
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ANHO: The client still has difficul
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For the five of the six participant
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• Analysis of the image potential
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Text and music with accompaniment w
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section of music that visually illu
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intensity increasing feature is the
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A1 (1-10) R/V E S/E B1 (11-21) R/V
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B1 Mein Jesu A1 (1-6) V R E R S V A
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B B3 (after music) E E S side? (tea
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Jesu evoked images related to death
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String Quartet as the most challeng
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Figure 8. 12 Distribution of the th
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Table 8. 7 A grounded theory model
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the imagery: the client reacts with
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9. Discussion “..Where the mind i
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possible to show a decrease in both
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9.1.3 The role of music and imagery
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specific therapeutic influence in t
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or measurable influence on the part
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As these findings are not consisten
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adiotherapy treatment. These commen
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this study (the only exception bein
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and why they are comprehensible and
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was that core images did emerge and
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actually no alternative to “will
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9.2.3.3 The proposed grounded theor
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This leads to the critical question
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The proposed grounded theories cove
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eautiful room with candles, flowers
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eventual climaxes and peak points c
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The three categories illustrated in
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scores are influenced by my negativ
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9.4 The development of new theoreti
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9.4.2 Heuristic music analysis as c
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client’s playing in improvisation
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Anxiety and anger are very importan
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Bonny found that the musical elemen
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support and explain how BMGIM can b
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9.6 Directions for future research
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comparative analysis including a nu
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music listening has been substantia
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What elements are there that descri
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1) Can ten BMGIM sessions improve t
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After every session questionnaires
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The analyses of metaphors and image
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not be sufficient to saturate a sub
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hvordan BMGIM kan have en positiv v
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individuelle BMGIM-sessioner, som r
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C30-scores viste stigninger i genne
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• Heuristisk Musikanalyse (Brusci
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som velegnet til psykosociale under
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REFERENCES (2002). Appendix B: Musi
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Ansdell, G. (2001). Musicology: mis
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Bonde, L. O. (2002). Introduction t
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Bonny, H. L. and L. K. Marids (2001
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Clark, M. (1998). The Bonny Method
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Ferguson, D. N. (1960). Music as Me
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Hilliard, R. E. (2002). The effects
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Keiser, L. H. (1986). Conscious Lis
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Mahns, W. (1998). Symbolbildungen i
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Munro, S. (1993). "Music therapy in
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Robbins, C. and C. Robbins (1991).
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Short, A. E. (1997). "Jungian arche
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Tüpker, R. (1988). Ich singe was i
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Zachariae, B. (1997). "Forestilling
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LIST OF APPENDICES LIST OF APPENDIC
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Appendix 4.1 Data on six participan
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ESMA: 65 years old, married, three
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Appendix 4.2 Patientinformation (in
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Appendix 4.3 The HADS questionnaire
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Spørgs - mål nr. Vælg ét svar f
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Appendix 4.4 The EORTC QLQ-C30 ques
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427
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Fig. 5.14 ESMAs QLQ profile 120 100
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Fig. 5.18 WIFUs QLQ profile 120 100
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Appendix 6.2 Illustration of the de
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435
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henføre dem entydigt til noget som
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Ja. Hvert eneste gang har det være
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Det er meget rigtigt. Jeg har jo ik
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omgangshøjde endnu. Det er 2-3 år
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Ham ville jeg godt hilsen velkommen
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them out. Questionnaires like these
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it is the music! No, it is not only
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Maybe it influences me so strongly
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the music should be different. (…
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[Are there other images that you…
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Ja det tror jeg. Hvor er det lige j
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drømme jo også - de kommer også
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De hører fuldt ud sammen. Hvis man
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[The questionnaires indicate that y
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guess it has been working in the su
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them, many stairs and things like t
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Appendix 6.4.3 Interview med ESMA 9
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været mere eller mindre på afstan
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skørt, for det er virkelig svært
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den der kæmpeindsats, som jeg har
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emærker at de er der - de skal bek
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jeg ville nødig undvære musikken
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[Folkene bag spørgeskemaerne hævd
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Nej desværre ikke. Altså sådan m
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Nej ikke nødtvungent! ... Men det
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Ja, og jeg føler, at jeg ’fylder
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Der er lissom om jeg er på den and
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meget, og også at give fred; men o
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sådan det er. (Jeg sider og prøve
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[Men hver anden uge er meget passen
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andet sted at jeg har haft meget ti
Page 515 and 516: f.eks. ’Du er blevet meget mere a
Page 517 and 518: Og så får jeg lyst til at lave no
Page 519 and 520: der har arbejdet med de her ting? H
Page 521 and 522: Berlioz: 4 X PIJØ: #3,2 7 1 L’en
Page 523 and 524: Marcello: Oboe Concertor, 2nd movem
Page 525 and 526: WIFU #2 1 ANHO #1 1 4 NURTURING 2-5
Page 527 and 528: Appendix 8.2.1a. Session notes PIJ
Page 529 and 530: #5 9.12. Disc OK Bekymring for frem
Page 531 and 532: #7 14.1 Disc: kun de første 10’
Page 533 and 534: egge to. Ah! Ingen kamp, så. Sving
Page 535 and 536: #3 13.11, Disc OK #4 26/11 Disc OK
Page 537 and 538: #6 3.1.03 Disc OK #7 14.1 Has felt
Page 539 and 540: #9 20.02. Disc OK #10 5.3. Disc OK
Page 541 and 542: Appendix 8.2.2a Session notes INLA
Page 543 and 544: #5 3.1.03 Disc OK #6 15.1. Disc OK
Page 545 and 546: #8 24.02. Disc OK #9 17.03 Til US b
Page 547 and 548: Appendix 8.2.2b Session notes INLA
Page 549 and 550: #5 3.1.03 Disc OK #6 15.1. Review o
Page 551 and 552: #8 24.02. Disc OK Control examinati
Page 553 and 554: FOCUS: Finding a way out... a door.
Page 555 and 556: #3 13.11. Disc OK #4 21.11 Disc: ku
Page 557 and 558: #7 19.12. Dis OK #8 30.1. Ingen opt
Page 559 and 560: Appendix 8.2.4 Session notes ANHO (
Page 561 and 562: Disc OK #6 7.1.03 Ingen optagels e
Page 563 and 564: # 10 31.03 Disc OK hul igennem. For
Page 565: OK #4 3.12 Disc OK #5 19.12. Disc O
Page 569 and 570: #3 19.11 Disc OK #4 28.11. Disc OK
Page 571 and 572: Disc OK #9 11.3. Disc OK Lang snak
Page 573 and 574: 557
Page 575 and 576: Appendix 7.4 MINI-WORKSHOP - RESEAR
Page 577 and 578: Appendix 8.5 Brahms Score + Imagery
Page 579 and 580: • The movement is basically suppo
Page 581 and 582: Appendix 8.7 Bach: Komm süsser Tod
Page 583 and 584: Appendix 8.9 Analysis of selected m
Page 585 and 586: Element Brahms: Violin concerto - s
Page 593 and 594: Appendix 9.1 Types of clinical rele
Page 595 and 596: Appendix 9.2 Grocke’s Categories
Page 597 and 598: 2. The relevance of the listening s
Page 599 and 600: directing the will” (p. 5). A who
Page 601 and 602: Reviewing the sub-questions, the wo
Page 603 and 604: Works Vol. IV, p. 7. The so-called
Page 605 and 606: ased on communication theory or cul
Page 607 and 608: In this study, I have used the thir
Page 609 and 610: 24. The framework for the qualitati
Page 611: English translation of the intervie
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Dissertation - World Federation of Music Therapy

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