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turn and bank
turn and bank Traditional flight instrument, at bottom
right in the Basic 6: one centre-pivoted needle moves L/R
around the upper arc to indicate slip, while a second
moves round lower arc to indicate rate of turn; straight
and level or at rest both needles are vertical.
turn and slip Traditional flight instrument indicating
rate of turn by a needle moving L/R around upper arc, and
slip/skid by a ball in a lateral tube in lower arc.
Alternatively, the needle is in the lower arc and the upper
is a curved tube with a bubble.
turnaround Elapsed time between aircraft parking at
stopping point and moving off to continue flight or carry
out fresh mission.
turnaround cycle Comprises loading time at home
base, time to/from destination, unloading/loading time
at destination, unloading time at home, planned
maintenance and where applicable, time awaiting facilities
(DoD).
turnaround time See turnaround, turntime.
turnback Abandonment of scheduled sector and
diversion to alternate or to starting point, 80% [2002] for
reasons not related to the aircraft.
turnbuckle Double-ended threaded barrel for adjusting
wire/cable tension.
turn co-ordinator Rate gyro which senses rotation about
both roll and yaw axes (US).
turndown Inability of a company flight department to
provide an executive aircraft at the time needed.
turn errors See turning errors.
turn indicator Gyroscopic flight instrument indicating
rate of turn about aircraft vertical axis, almost always
combined with slip/skid.
turning 1 General term for operation on a lathe in which
workpiece is rotated.
2 Manoeuvre by which parachutist rotates to face
direction of drift.
3 Rotating engine by means other than own power; also
called cranking.
turning centre Notional, vertical axis about which
aircraft turns when manoeuvring on the ground. Inner
wingtip can move forwards or backwards.
turning errors Those due to instrument deficiencies, eg
due to acceleration; see acceleration error.
turning moment See couple, torque.
turn-in point Point in space at which aircraft starts to
turn from approach direction to line of attack (DoD,
NATO, becoming arch.).
turnoff Point at which aeroplane leaves runway to taxi
to parking place, normally also junction of runway and
paved taxiway; high-speed * is configured with gentle turn
radius to avoid overstressing landing gear laterally.
turnoff lights Flush lights at 15 m (50 ft) intervals
defining curved path from runway centreline to taxiway
centreline.
turnover assembly Added at tail of vertical-launch
missile to rotate towards target, then jettisoned.
turnover structure Strong structure intended to protect
aircraft occupants in event of overturn on ground, eg
crash arch., crash pylon.
turnover voltage Reverse V of point-contact semiconductor
device (corresponding to reverse breakdown V
of junction device) beyond which control over reverse
current is lost.
turn radius Half lateral distance required to change
TVR
heading 180°. Radius is determined by TAS and bank
V 2
angle: R =
g
–––––
tan φ.
turn rate By convention, aircraft change of heading rate
is measured as Rate 1 = 360° in 2 min., Rate 2 in 1 min.,
Rate 3 in 32s, Rate 4 in 20s. Symbol Ω.
turnstile aerial Crossed dipoles, equal quadrature-phase
signals.
turntime Time a transport aircraft is out of revenue
service for heavy maintenance [US usage].
turpentine One of terpenes, BPt 155°C; solvent, thinner
and (in France) rocket fuel.
turret Enclosure for airborne gun(s) able to rotate in
azimuth and with provision for gun rotation in elevation;
manned or remotely controlled, but in latter case merged
indefinably into barbette. Later forms (c1955) exactly
resembled sting of wasp and did not fit traditional configuration.
Today found mainly on helicopters, always
with remote control.
turret lathe Equipped with rotating toolholder for six
(occasionally more or less) tools, indexed to work in
sequence; large capstan with power operation and turret
on main bed-slides.
turtleback Top of fuselage, esp. aft of cockpit.
TUSA Tactical unmanned surveillance aircraft.
Tuslog The US Logistics Group (USAFE).
TUT Targets under trees (AC 2 ISRC).
TUV Tactical unmanned vehicle.
TV 1 Television.
2 Terminal velocity.
3 Theatre of war (USSR, R).
4 Thrust vectoring.
5 Transfer vehicle (cargo).
6 Test vehicle.
TVA 1 Thrust vector angle (of gross thrust vector).
2 Tuned vibration absorber.
3 Target vector analysis.
T-VASI, T-Vasis See VASI.
TVAT Television air trainer; carried on external pylon.
TVBC Turbine vane and blade cooling.
TVBS Television broadcast satellite.
TVC 1 Thrust-vector control (S adds system).
2 Turbine vane cooling.
TV command Guidance by human operator watching
TV picture from camera in nose of controlled vehicle.
TVCR Tower visual control room.
TVD 1 Turboprop (USSR, R).
2 Theatre(s) of military operation (USSR, R).
TVDS Tactical-video distribution system.
TVDU Television display unit.
TVE Total vertical [separation] error.
TVGS Text-to-voice generation system.
TV homing Automatic homing guidance by comparing
TV picture with sequence stored in missile memory.
TVI 1 TV interference.
2 Trials verification and installation.
TVIT, T-VIT Tactical video imaging terminal.
TVLA Tuned vertical line array (sonobuoy).
TVM Track-via-missile.
T-VOR, TVOR Terminal VOR.
TVP Technology validation program[me] (AIGT).
TVPM Time-varying pulse manipulation.
TVR 1 Track-via-missile radar guidance.
2 Trajectory/velocity radar.
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