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land
land Return to Earth or planetary surface of land-based
vehicle; marine touchdown, preferred word is ‘alight’.
land and hold short Instruction by controller to landing
aircraft to stop before first intersection or designated
hold-short point to avoid conflict; recipient must tell ATC
immediately if this clearance cannot be accepted.
land arm Display signifying system is functioning in
autoland mode.
land breeze Offshore wind, towards sea.
L&D Lateral and directional stability test.
lander Spacecraft designed for soft landing on Moon or
planet.
landing The act of bringing an aerodyne under full
control back to land surface
landing angle Usually means angle between OX axis and
ground at moment of touchdown.
landing area Area of unpaved airfield reserved for
landing and takeoff.
landing beacon or beam Not recognized terms.
landing charge Tax levied as part of airport charge.
landing circuit Term used by Royal Navy in carrier operations.
landing compass Precision magnetic compass on bubblelevelled
tripod used as master when swinging aircraft.
landing crew Large team(s) of handlers used in airship
operations to hold ropes and manoeuvre ship to mast or
walk it into hangar.
landing direction indicator Visual device [eg tee, tetrahedron]
at uncontrolled airfield.
landing distance, LD Distance from runway threshold to
aircraft stopping point.
landing distance available That declared to be available
by airfield authority.
landing flare Released by aircraft over unlit airfield
immediately before landing.
landing forecast Met. forecast for destination at ETA, or
nearest equivalent.
landing fuel allowance, LDG, ldg, LFA Fuel mass
required for theoretical circuit (go-around), landing and
taxi at destination.
landing gear Any portions of aircraft or spacecraft
whose function is to enable a landing to be made; this
includes wheels/skis/floats and attachments, and hook,
but not flaps or lift-dumpers. Maximum speeds are
usually prescribed for flight with * extended, as well as a
lower maximum for cycling [act of retraction or extension],
also called LGOS.
landing gross weight Total weight of aircraft at point of
touchdown in a particular landing, normally less than
MLW.
landing ground See airfield.
landing light Forward-facing aircraft headlight, usually
retractable or on nose or in leading edge, formerly to illuminate
airfield and now used mainly as anti-collision or
anti-bird beacon and for illuminating surface taxied over.
landing loads Loads acting through structure of aircraft
or spacecraft in design ultimate severe landing (or arrested
landing).
landing long Landing to touch down far down the
runway.
landing mat Various definitions, including flexible mat
to reduce erosion or ingested debris in jet VTOL over
unpaved surface.
landing minima Worst weather, especially in terms of
lap
visibility, for legal landing; see weather minima.
Traditionally involves DH and MDH.
landing on, landing-on Recovery of aircraft on carrier, or
helicopter on deck, by normal landing.
landing party Landing crew (UK).
landing point Intended or achieved point of MLG touchdown.
landing radar Radio altimeter used by soft-landing
spacecraft (rarely, by aircraft).
landing run Actual achieved distance from touchdown
point to stopping point. Also called roll or rollout.
landing runway Runway assigned to arrivals.
landing site Target for soft-landing spacecraft.
landing speed Generally, TAS (sometimes defined as
minimum TAS) at touchdown; plays no part in normal
operation, which is based on VMCTMCT and VAT.
landing surface Those areas declared by airfield
authority to be available for landings.
landing tee Large T-shaped sign in signals area of simple
lightplane field, rotated to show wind direction.
landing weight Predicted total mass of aircraft at
landing.
landing wires Bracing wires used to bear landing loads
(eg sag of wings); also known as anti-lift wires.
landing zone Area surrounding airfield where allowable
heights of obstructions are limited (arch.).
land mine In 1940 Germany discovered magnetic mines
could be countered, so existing stocks were fitted with
direct-impact fuzes and dropped (retaining the parachute)
on British cities, receiving this name by recipients.
land on To land an aircraft on ship, especially carrier.
landplane Aircraft designed to operate from land or
aircraft carrier, including ice or snow on skis.
Landsat Earth-resources satellite.
LANE, Lane Low-altitude navigation equipment.
lane 1 One conductor wire of a fly-by-wire or autopilot
channel; in most modern flight-control systems there are
three channels, each having three lanes.
2 One hyperbolic track in early Gee or Decca navigation.
3 One passenger guideway down escape slide.
4 Queues at check-in or departure security.
lanes Furrows on sea surface indicative of wind direction.
Langley NASA research centre near Hampton, VA.
abb. LaRC.
Langmuir-Blodgett Film one molecule thick deposited
on substrate in manufacture of very-high-speed devices.
LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory (New Mexico,
US), see LASL.
Lannion French space communications ground station.
Lans, LANS Land navigation system.
Lansu Local air-navigation service unit (ATC).
lanthanum La, soft silver metal, density 6.1, MPt 921°C.
Lantirn Lo-altitude navigation[al] targeting IR for night
(autonomous pod-mounted fire-control linked to HUD).
LAP 1 Large-scale advanced propeller or propfan.
2 Load, assemble and pack.
lap 1 To fit two mating metal surfaces by rubbing
together with fine abrasive.
2 Crankshaft angular movement with inlet and exhaust
valves open.
3 Overlap (air reconnaissance).
4 See laps.
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