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autoflare
feathering propeller when engine fails to drive it; usually
triggered by NTS.
autoflare Flare [1] commanded by autopilot.
autogenic training Psycho-physiological technique
carried out by subject according to prescription by qualified
therapist, to reduce stress.
Autogiro Registered name of Juan de la Cierva autogyros,
1924–45.
autogyro Rotorplane in which propulsion is effected by
horizontal-thrust system, eg propeller, and lift by rotor
free to spin under action of air flowing through disc from
below to above (ie, autorotating). Some can achieve
VTOL by driving rotor in vertical phases of flight, but true
* is STOL.
auto-hover Automatic hover, usually at low altitude, by
helicopter or other VTOL aircraft, using radio altimeter
and AFCS.
auto-igniting propellant Hypergolic.
auto-ignition 1 Of gas turbine engine, auxiliary system
which senses angle of attack or other aerodynamic
parameter and switches on igniter circuits before engine is
fed grossly disturbed airflow which would otherwise pose
combustion-extinguishing hazard. In some aircraft flight
in rough air with full flap, or flight at high AOA, can cause
intermittent or total flame-extinction, and there are other
flight conditions (eg violent manoeuvre) when turbulent
flow across intake triggers *, indicated by cockpit lights.
2 Specific meaning, ignition of premix fuel/air because
of high compression (OPR 45+).
3 Of combustible material, spontaneous combustion.
auto-ignition temperature At which auto-igniting
materials spontaneously combust in air; design factor in
some rocket engines and gas generators.
autokinesis Sensation of movement of a distant light
that is stared at.
Autoklean Patented (UK) lubricating-oil filters based
on compressed stack of strainer discs and spacers.
Autoland 1 Loosely, AFCS capable of landing aeroplane
hands-off and qualified to do so in total absence of
pilot visual cues.
2 Specific systems developed in UK by Smiths
Industries and GEC-Marconi-Elliott.
Autolycus ASW detection system operating by sensing
minute atmospheric concentrations of material likely to
have come from diesel submarine running submerged
(UK).
Automap Trade name for map and/or track guide
projection system, esp. for single-seat combat aircraft.
Automated Radar Terminal System Shows terminal
controller basic information on all collaborating traffic. *
I largely overtaken by * II, and by III which
tracks/predicts secondary-radar targets. * IIIA adds
primary targets. All forms now modular and programmable.
(FAA).
automated trajectory server A ground system which
relies on its software to manage flight-path requests from
pilots and controllers. (FAA/NASA).
automatic boost control, ABC On piston engine servo
system which senses induction pressure and so governs
boost system that permissible limits of boost pressure
cannot be exceeded. These were among first airborne
closed-loop feedback systems.
automatic coarse pitch See Automatic pitch coarsening.
automatic dependent surveillance Global system to
automatic power reserve
compensate for lack of radar coverage over oceans and
remote areas, involving automatic regular polling of
navaids of each aircraft so that ATC can always monitor
its position and ensure safe separation. Satellites appear
to be essential for implementation.
automatic-direction finder See ADF.
automatic drag-limiting system Propeller subsystem
which, via a torquemeter signal, increases [coarsens] pitch
whenever a negative, or predetermined low positive,
torque is experienced by the drive shaft, thus preventing
excessive drag following engine failure.
automatic extension gear Landing gear which extends by
itself, typically by sensing airspeed and engine rpm,
should pilot omit to select DOWN.
automatic feathering Autofeathering.
automatic flagman Electronic installation in ag aircraft
to provide precise track guidance on each run in conjunction
with ground beacons.
automatic flyback vehicle Unmanned shuttle between
Earth and spacecraft.
automatic frequency control 1 Radio receiver which selfcompensates
for small variations in received signal or
local oscillator.
2 By different method, self-governing of a time base.
automatic gain control See AGC.
automatic landing Safe, precisely repeatable landing of
advanced aeroplane, helicopter or other aerodyne in visibility
so restricted that external visual cues are of no
asistance to pilot. Basis of present systems is highprecision
ILS, approach coupler, triplexed or quad
AFCS, autothrottle, autoflare and ground guidance after
touchdown.
automatic manoeuvre device system Automatically
schedules high-lift devices, especially on variable-sweep
aircraft; usually governed by AOA.
automatic manual reversion Fully powered flightcontrol
system may be so designed that no ordinary pilot
could control aircraft manually; if not, *** on one, two or
three axes allows pilot to drive surfaces giving control in
those axes after malfunction of powered system can no
longer be accommodated by failure-survival.
automatic mixture control In piston engine, subsystem
which automatically adjusts flow rate of fuel to counteract
changes in air density, or which controls intake airflow by
restricting carburettor air-intake duct by amount
inversely proportional to altitude until wide open at
height usually around 15,000 ft.
automatic observer Self-controlled group of sensors for
recovering parameters during flight test.
automatic parachute 1 Parachute pulled from its pack by
static line [usual meaning].
2 Parachute opened by barometric device at preset
pressure altitude[s].
automatic pilot See autopilot.
automatic pitch-coarsening Facility built into propeller
control system causing it to increase pitch automatically,
normally from fine-pitch setting to typical cruise angle,
when called for by operating regime. This is normally
another name for a CSU, and quite distinct from auto
coarse pitch.
automatic power reserve Special increased-thrust rating
available on commercial turbofan engines only in emergency,
and triggered automatically by loss of power in
other engine in same aircraft.
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