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fuel dumping
engine, usually triggered to reduce flow at specific time, eg
when firing guns or when any kind of upset disturbs inlet
airflow to cause rapid rise in TGT.
fuel dumping Release of fuel in flight to bring weight
down to MLW in emergency.
fuel flowmeter See flowmeter.
fuel-flow regulator Central element of gas-turbine
engine CASC, driven by engine and incorporating two
governors, pressure-drop and speed control, and two variable-orifice
sliding valves, the VMO and the PDC (6).
fuel grade Quality of piston engine petrol (gasoline), esp.
as defined by anti-knock rating; previously called octane
number. Usual grades are 80 (dyed red), 100 (green), 100L
(green or blue, lower TEL content) and 115 (purple).
fuel injection Inevitable in diesel or compressionignition
engines; term normally refers to Otto-cycle piston
engine with mechanical injection of measured quantities
of fuel either into carburation induction system or directly
to cylinders. Unlike carburettor, ** unaffected by aerobatic
or evasive manoeuvres and not prone to icing or fire
hazards.
fuel jettison Rapid discharge of fuel from aircraft in
emergency.
fuel-jettison time That required to reduce weight from
MTO to MLW.
fuel lag Deliberate short delay in injection of one propellant
into rocket thrust chamber to establish particular
ignition sequence.
fuel-lubricarted Use of aircraft fuel as sole lubricant of a
[usually rotating] item; usually the item is designed to
continue to run in the absence of fuel.
fuel manifold Peripheral main pipe with branch pipes
distributing fuel to all burners of gas turbine.
fuel metering unit In modern gas-turbine aircraft, the
[usually electronic] device which responds to signals from
the EEC to modulate fuel flow according to engine
demand. Part of a Fadec, if this is fitted.
fuel nozzle In a gas turbine engine these atomise or
vaporise the fuel to ensure very rapid burning in a short
linear distance; see Simplex, Duplex, Lubbock, airspray,
vaporizing.
fuel-pressure switch Ensures full current is not applied to
electric starter until fuel pressure has reached predetermined
level.
fuel pump In a traditional piston-engined aircraft,
usually a single gear-type pump driven by the engine,
often supplemented by a priming pump operated manually.
In a modern jet aircraft, usually an electrically driven
LP pump (often called a tank booster pump), commonly
inducer+centrifugal, delivering to an HP on the engine
(commonly gear type driven off the engine HP shaft).
Other * include the ejector pump.
fuel-quantity indication Simple aircraft still often use a
float-type gauge, but most fuel systems have one or more
capacitance or ultrasonic probes in each tank, their
output being shaped and summed electronically to
convert level to mass.
fuel savings advisory Provides command to pilots using
flight-path optimization algorithms and Flight Manual
data for L/D and thrust. An aditional mode can be preset
for T-O/ldg parameters.
fuel shift Gross long-term movement of fuel [eg, caused
by prolonged steep climb], can be very dangerous.
fuel shut-off See cut-off.
full-pressure suit
fuel sink Total heat capacity of fuel as receptacle for
surplus onboard energy; unit should be J.
fuel sloshing Gross short-term movements of fuel or
oxidant in part-empty tank.
fuel spike test Tests engine surge margin.
fuel starvation Fuel in tank[s] is for some reason
prevented from reaching engine[s].
fuel state The precise quantity of fuel in the tank[s] of an
aircraft; quality of the fuel is irrelevant.
fuel tank See bag tank, integral tank, rigid tank, drop
tank.
fuel tester Hand-held transparent tube, incorporating
slot-head and Phillips-head drivers, for checking contamination.
fuel trimmer An adjustment on gas-turbine fuel control
to achieve a precise value of N 2 (NPC), adjusted to ISA
sea-level for a particular engine, repeated after major
overhaul and recorded on data plate.
fuel vent Small pipe used to equalize pressure inside and
outside tank.
FUF Favourable unbalanced field.
fufo, FUFO Full-fuzing options (NW).
FuG Radio equipment (G).
fuh Fuel mass at given height (usually rocket).
Führer weather Sunshine, blue sky (WW2 Luftwaffe).
Fu L, FuL Fuhrungsstab der Luftwaffe (G).
full annealing Heating above critical temperature, or
crystalline-transformation point, followed by slow
cooling through range of transformation; results in relief
of residual stress, greater ductility, increased toughness
but lower strength.
full-authority control Control system, today usually
electronic but could be fluidic, which provides complete
management function [of engine(s), system(s), or
complete aircraft], with pilot serving as passive observer.
Early example is Fadec, from which FAFC differs in
lacking transient control intelligence, eg to control
compressor airflow.
full flight regime Designed to operate throughout each
flight, eg FFR autothrottle.
full-flight simulator Provides total reproduction of flight
deck, qualified to FAA Level D.
full-flow oil system Gas-turbine [usually advanced
turbofan] lubrication system without a pressure-relief
valve, filters and coolers being protected against extreme
pressures by bypasses.
full fuzing options For NW, air drop, air burst, ground
burst, contact burst, time-delay after parachute-retarded,
laydown retarded or free-fall.
full house No parking stand left at terminal.
full indicator movement Micrometer readings may be
taken at any point on a part being measured.
full lateral Describes FMC or FMS (1) exercising total
authority via AFCS from just after takeoff until final
approach.
full mission trainer Simulator capable of duplicating
complete mission [initially for F-22] with any malfunction;
can network with others.
full performance level Category of most highly qualified
air traffic controllers (FAA 1).
full-pressure suit Completely enclosing wearer’s body
and able to sustain internal gas pressure convenient to
human functions (see partial pressure suit, water suit,
spacesuit).
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