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ulk out
in fluid under pressure; numerically, stress multiplied by
original volume divided by change in volume.
bulk out To run out of cargo space while still within
allowed weight.
bulk petroleum products Liquid products carried in
tankcars or other containers larger than 45 gal (55 US
gal).
bullet 1 Gun-fired projectile intended to strike target,
having calibre less than 20 mm (0.7874 in).
2 Streamlined fairing having form of quasiconical nose
or forepart of body of revolution. If rotating, called
spinner.
3 Aluminium or steel peg at top of hot-air-balloon rip
line.
bull gear Largest gear in train, esp. large gear on which
aerial of surveillance radar is mounted.
bull session Informal discussion on serious aviation
topics, between engineers and/or aviators.
bull’s eye 1 Circular thimble.
2 Ring used to guide or secure rope.
3 Cockade having concentric rings (colloq.).
bump 1 See Gust (1).
2 Sensation experienced in flight through gust (1). See
bumps.
3 To form sheet metal on bumping hammer.
4 Thrust bump.
5 See bumping.
6 Confusingly, in view of 5, to upgrade a passenger to
a higher class.
bumper Also called tail*, a strong skid or shockabsorbed
wheel unit to protect the underside of the rear
fuselage of a nosewheel-type aircraft.
bumper bag Padded or inflated bag beneath lowest point
of aerostat to absorb shock of ground impacts.
bumper rocket Pre-1955, first stage of two-stage launch
vehicle.
bumper screen On spacecraft, protective screen intended
to arrest micrometeorites and other macroscopic solids.
bumper wheel Wheeling machine.
Bumpf One of earliest of 35 English-language safety
mnemonics: brakes, undercarriage, mixture, pitch,
fuel/flaps; G added gills/gyros.
bumping Practice of denying a fully booked and
confirmed passenger the right to board an overbooked
flight; officially called IBR (involuntary boarding
refusal). Bumped pax qualify for DBC.
bumping hammer Power hammer for bumping.
bump rating Increased engine thrust rating (beyond GM
or average TO) cleared for short periods; fixed-wing
equivalent of contingency.
bumps 1 Repeated uncommanded excursions in the
vertical plane caused by atmospheric turbulence. Term
particularly applies to passage through gusts (2) of exceptional
severity.
2 Landings, from circuits and *.
Buna A synthetic rubber mass-produced in G, WW2
(tradename).
bunching 1 In traffic control, tendency of vehicles (esp.
aircraft) to reduce linear separation, esp. to dangerous
degree.
2 In klystron, separation of steady electron stream into
concentrated bunches to generate required very high
frequency in oscillatory circuit.
burner can
bund 1 Earth bank constructed at airfield to reduce environmental
noise.
2 Fuel/ammo dump sufficient for one day’s operations
from a STOVL hide, replenished daily from Logspark
(RAF).
bungee Elastic cord comprising multiple strands of
rubber encased in braided (usually cotton) sheath.
bunny suit Electrically heated [usually blue] suit for
high-altitude unpressurized aircraft (US, colloq.).
bunt 1 Severe negative-g manoeuvre comprising first
half of outside loop followed by half roll or second half of
inside loop.
2 In surface-attack missile trajectory, negative-g
pushover from climb to dive in terminal phase near target.
BuOrd Bureau of Ordnance (USN)
buoyancy Upthrust due to the displaced surrounding
fluid just sufficient to support a mass. Thus, in aerostat,
condition in which aircraft mass equals mass of displaced
air. In marine aircraft at rest, mass of aircraft equals mass
of water displaced (in this case, as with all aerodynes,
displaced air mass is usually ignored).
buoyant spacecraft Spacecraft designed to operate as
aerostat in planetary atmosphere.
Buoy communication system VHF links via satellite from
buoys to improve com. over Gulf of Mexico (FAA).
BUP Block upgrade programme.
Buran Strong NE wind (Russia, Central Asia).
burble 1 Turbulent eddy in fluid flow, esp. in proximity
to, or caused by, a bounding surface.
2 Brakedown of unseparated flow (not necessarily with
laminar boundary layer) across aircraft surface, esp.
across top of wing. First region of separated flow due to
excessive angle of attack or to formation of shockwaves
at M crit .
burble point 1 Angle of attack at which wing first suffers
sudden separation of flow.
2 Mach number at which subsonic wing first suffers
sudden separation of flow due to shockwave formation.
Bureau Veritas International organisation for certifying
companies [eg, to ISO 9000] and surveying and underwriting
vessels, including aircraft.
buried engine Engine contained within air frame, esp.
without causing significant protuberance. Normally
applied to jet engine inside wing root.
burn 1 Operation of rocket engine, esp. programmed
operation for scheduled time. Thus, first *, second *.
2 Operation of main flame in burner of hot-air aerostat,
Thus, a 20-second *.
3 Authorized destruction of classified material, by
whatever means.
burner 1 In gas turbine, device for mixing fuel or fuel
vapour with swirling primary airflow with minimal axial
velocity to sustain stable combustion; generally synonymous
with fuel nozzle, fuel injector.
2 Afterburner (colloq., R/T).
3 Incorrectly, though common in US, gas-turbine
combustion chamber.
4 In liquid or hybrid rocket, device for injecting and/or
mixing liquid propellants to sustain primary combustion;
more usually called injector.
5 Stainless-steel vaporizing coil and jet of hot-air
balloon.
burner can Combustion chamber in engine of canannular
type [UK = flame tube].
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