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Forcap
Forcap Force CAP, combat air patrol maintained overhead
a task force (USN).
Force, FORCE Flight Operations Research Centre of
Excellence.
force SI unit is Newton (N), which gives mass of 1 kg
acceleration of 1 ms –2 = 0.101968 kgf, 0.22482 lbf,
7.230658 pdl, 3.597 ozf, 10 5 dynes; reciprocals include 1
lbf = 4.44822 N, 1 kgf = 9.80665 N..
force balance transducer Output from sensing member is
amplified and fed back to element which causes forcesumming
member to return to rest position.
force coefficients Aerodynamic forces, eg lift and drag,
divided by dynamic pressure ½ρV 2 S.
force combat air patrol Patrol of fighters maintained to
protect task force against enemy aircraft.
forced convection Process by which heat is transported
by mechanical movement of air (cooling systems,
meteorology).
force diagram Vector presentation of force(s) acting on
object, length and direction of each vector representing
magnitude and direction of one force. If diagram forms
closed polygon, forces are in equilibrium. If diagram fails
to close, gap indicates unbalanced force. Hence, force
polygon.
forced landing Made when aircraft can no longer be kept
airborne, for whatever reason.
forced oscillation One in which response is imposed by
excitation; if excitation is periodic and continuing, oscillation
is steady-state.
forced vibration See preceding entry.
force fit Mating parts in which male dimension exceeds
female (see fit).
force gradient Relationship between pilot input force
and aircraft response, e.g., degrees roll per second per
pound of lateral force on stick.
force majeure Literally, no choice; reason for crossing a
frontier at other than a designated point of entry (now
archaic).
force rendezvous Navigational checkpoint at which
formation of aircraft or ships joins main force.
force-sensing controller Pilot’s primary flight-control
input (stick/pedals) which senses applied force without
noticeable movement.
force structure Currently effective operational inventory
(US).
force vector Line in force diagram representing force
magnitude, direction and point of application.
Fords Fleet [airline] operational reliability data system.
fore-and-aft level Gravity-controlled indicator of pitch
attitude (arch.) Usually a glass tube in form of triangle
part-filled with coloured liquid.
forebody 1 The front portion of a body in atmospheric
flight; in * strake can mean front half of fuselage.
2 Planing bottom of float or hull upstream of step.
forebody strake Low-aspect-ratio extensions of wing at
root along sides of fuselage; like LERX and glove [which
taper more sharply] they generate powerful vortices at
high AOA to improve handling in extreme positive-acceleration
manoeuvres.
forecast Statement of expected meteorological conditions
at given place during specified period; air-navigation
* includes wind velocity at selected heights, cloud, visibility,
precipitation, ice formation, and barometric
pressures at airfields and sea level.
form, fit and function
foreflap Leading member of double or triple-slotted
flap.
foreign air carrier One registered in foreign country,
except in case of multinational carriers (eg SAS or Air
Afrique) in collaborating countries.
foreign military sales Portion of United States military
assistance authorised by Foreign Assistance Act (1961 as
amended); differs from Military Assistance Program
Grant Aid in that it is purchased by recipient country.
foreplane Horizontal aerofoil mounted on nose or
forward fuselage to improve take-off and low-speed
handling, esp. of delta aircraft where wing lift is lost
because of upward movement of elevons. * can be fixed or
retractable, fixed-incidence or rotating, and have slats,
flaps or elevators.
forerudder Rudder at front of aircraft.
Forester F open [foliage-penetrating] reconnaissance,
surveillance, tracking and engagement radar (USA).
forging Shaping metal softened by heating by slow,
rapid or repeated blows, with or without a shaped female
die or male/female dies.
forked rod Piston engine connecting rod having forked
bearing on crankshaft, fitting over big end of matching
blade-type rod.
forklift capacity Of cargo item, provided with an integral
pallet, tineways or forklift entries.
FORM First-order reliability method.
formability Unquantified measure of ease with which
material can be shaped through plastic deformation.
Formac Fibre-optic medium-access controller.
format 1 Size and shape of map, chart or photo negative
or print.
2 One of several selectable types of presentation for
instrument (eg ADI or HSI) or display, such as moving
map, radar map, alphanumerics, attitude indication,
flight planning or en route.
3 Fortran matrix abstraction technique.
formation Ordered arrangement of two or more vehicles
proceeding together, especially in a geometric pattern.
formation flight More than one aircraft which, by prior
arrangement between pilots, navigate and report as single
aircraft; FAA formation limits are no more than one mile
laterally or longitudinally and within 100 ft vertically
from leader.
formation-flight control system Developed at UCLA to
perfect autonomous formation flight.
formation light(s) Fitted to aircraft to enable other
aircraft to formate on it at night.
formatted Electronically processed to be compatible
with particular format (2).
form block Block or die usually made of wood, zinc,
steel or aluminium, over or into which sheet metal is
formed.
form die One which performs bending and sometimes
light drawing operations upon flat blank.
form drag Pressure drag minus induced drag.
former Light secondary structure added to maintain or
improve external shape; eg around basic box fuselage to
give curved cross-section, or extra false wing ribs ahead of
front spar to maintain profile where curvature is sharp.
form factor Physical overall dimensions of a body,
especially one carried externally, taken into account not
so much aerodynamically as to avoid hardware conflicts.
form, fit and function F 3 , essentially self-explanatory, the
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