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exit cone
Thus * criteria, required capabilities in flight performance
and avionics to achieve this.
exit cone Portion of wind tunnel into which air flows
from working section.
exit fix Reporting point at which aircraft leaves control
area or FIR.
exit ramp Safe path through mountainous region
following pressurization failure.
exo-atmospheric Beyond the atmosphere.
exogenous inputs Disturbing inputs to dynamic
[especially flight control] systems which, though neither
actual controls nor reference signals, are crucial;
Stevens/Lewis have noted that, without such an input, a
glideslope coupler would command a horizontal trajectory.
exosphere Outermost layer of atmosphere where collisions
between molecular particles are so rare that only
gravity will return escaping molecules; lower boundary is
critical level of escape (region of escape) at 500–1,000 km.
exotic fuel Any unusual fuel for air-breathing engine
intended to produce greater thrust.
exotic material Structural material seldom used in
conventional applications; esp. one with melting point
above 1,800°C.
expandable structure One packaged in space vehicle and
erected to full size and shape outside atmosphere.
expanded foam Low-density material, usually rigid but
of low mechanical strength, produced by chemical reaction
in liquid state; often formed inside hollow metal
airframe part.
expanding balloon Kite balloon encircled by rubber
cords or other devices to control shape when not full of
gas; also known as dilatable balloon.
expanding brake One whose segments are forced radially
against drum by flexible sac.
expanding square search Standard method for searching
for item on Earth’s surface, made up of increasingly long
straight legs with 90° corners.
expanding reamer One with slotted flutes expanded by
tapered pin.
expansion-deflection nozzle Rocket nozzle in which jet
enters top of bell-type nozzle moving radially outwards
through an annular throat.
expansion joint Pipe joint so constructed as to allow
limited axial movement between sections held together.
expansion ratio Ratio of cross-sectional area of rocket
nozzle exit to area of nozzle throat.
expansion stroke See power stroke.
expansion wave Simple wave or progressive disturbance
in compressible fluid, such that pressure and density
decrease on crossing wave in direction of its motion; also
known as rarefaction wave.
expansive corner On supersonic body, convex corner
[makes flow expand and accelerate].
expected approach clearance, EAC Time at which
arriving aircraft should be cleared to begin approach for
landing; also known as expected approach time (EAT).
expected further clearance, EFC Time at which it is
expected additional clearance will be issued to aircraft.
expedite ATC request: hurry up.
expendable construction Rocket propellant tanks
divided into sections jettisoned in sequence.
expendables Missiles, RPVs, drones, and stores and
materials consumed in action or in flight, esp. in space.
extended-rootblade
experimental aircraft Aircraft whose objectives are
fundamental research, or development of hardware
having general application to many types of aircraft.
experimental mean pitch Distance through which
propeller advances along its axis during one revolution
when slip is zero, i.e., when giving no thrust.
exploding bridgewire Metal wire which melts at high
temperature, produced by large electrical impulse.
explosion turbine Turbine rotated by gas from intermittent
combustion process taking place in constant-volume
chamber.
explosive bolt One incorporating explosive charge so
that, when detonated, whatever it secures in position is
released.
explosive cladding Use of explosive welding to clad one
material with another.
explosive decompression Rapid reduction of pressure
caused by catastrophic leak in pressure cabin (eg loss of
window).
explosive forming High-energy-rate forming of sheet
metal by using controlled explosive energy to blow workpiece
against die.
explosive rivet Blind rivet with partially hollow shank
charged with black gunpowder which, when detonated,
causes shank to bulge.
explosive welding Effecting near-perfect bond between
dissimilar metals by using explosion to drive them
together under such pressure that joint melts and sweeps
away previous surface impurities.
exposed wing area Net area minus projected area of
nacelles and similar bodies, often written S exp .
exposure level L E , = k log Σ 10L EPN + 10; can be amplified
using L EPNi /k where L EPNi is i’th event and k is usually
10, with additions of 10T o /t o where t o usually 1s and T o
may be 10s (see noise)
express Property transported under air express tariffs
filed with CAB; conducted on basis of agreement between
Railways Express Agency and airlines.
Ext Extension of runway.
ext External.
EXTD, Extd Extended.
extendable nozzle Rocket exit cone retracted or
extended to alter area ratio; also called extendable exit
cone.
extended air defence Defence against aircraft, UAVs
and TBMs.
extended centreline Centreline of runway extended in
either direction indefinitely.
extended overwater operation As defined by US FAR
(Pt 1), an operation over water at horizontal distance
more than 50 nm from nearest shore.
extended-range Dovap, Extradop Baseline extension of
Dovap to provide coherent reference to ground transmitter
and all Dovap receivers located beyond line of
sight.
extended-range operations Modern engines are so reliable
that twin-engined aircraft [large jets] can be
certificated for Etops routes taking them 60, 90, 180, or
240 minutes away from nearest suitable airport at engineout
cruise speed. In 2006 the FAA was considering an
extension to 5½ hours.
extended-root blade 1 Gas-turbine rotor blade in which
aerofoil is carried on long platform in disc of reduced
diameter.
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