1Dk4eXg

CARAM
2 Civil aircraft research and demonstration programme
(UK).
CA RAM Circuit analog radar absorbent material.
carangifoil Corrupted from carangiform [fish-like] and
aerofoil to describe airships whose envelope is a vertical
two-dimensional shape with this cross-section.
Carat Cargo agents reservation airway-bill insurance
and tracking system.
carat Non SI unit of mass, = 0.2g.
carb air See carburettor air.
carboblast Lignocellulose blasting abrasive (BGS); used
to clean gas path of running gas turbine and made from
crushed apricot stones.
carbobronze Copper alloys containing 8 per cent tin
(and trace of phosporous).
carbon Possibly most important element in aerospace,
primary constituent of hydrocarbons [e.g., fuels],
carbon/graphite fibre and even diamond [heat sink],
symbol C, density [graphite] 2.3, MPt various to 3,600°C.
carbon/carbon Composite material: pyrolised carbon
fibres in pyrolised carbon matrix.
carbon fibre Range of fine fibres pyrolised from various
precursor materials (eg PAN) and exhibiting outstanding
specific strength and modulus. Used as reinforcement in
CFRP.
carbonising, carbonitriding See Nitriding.
carbon microphone Contains packed carbon granules
whose resistance, and hence output signal, is modulated
by variable pressure from vibration of sound diaphragm.
carbon oxides Gases produced upon combustion of
carbon-containing fuel: principally carbon monoxide CO,
carbon dioxide CO 2 and wide range of valence bond variations.
CO 2 present in Earth atmosphere (3 parts in 10 4 );
percentage much higher in exhaled breath.
carbon seal Sliding seal between moving machinery (eg
turbine disc) and fixed structure; oil removes heat.
carbon tetrachloride CCl 4 , liquid, BPt 24.89°C, s.g. at
20°C 1.595.
carbureter See carburettor.
carburetion Mixing of liquid fuel with air to form
optimum mixture for combustion.
carburettor Device for continuously supplying engine,
esp. Otto-cycle piston engine, with optimum combustible
mixture. Many forms exist, some with choke tube and
others injecting liquid fuel direct into cylinders (in which
case injection pump can assume * function). Not fitted to
most steady-burning devices such as gas turbines and
heaters.
carburettor air Induced, usually via ram intake, along
separate duct; intake normally anti-iced. If fitted, a *
control provides a choice of cold air, or air heated by
various means.
carburettor icing Caused by depression in venturi of
choke tube giving local reduction in temperature.
carburising Prolonged heating of fully machined steel
part in atmosphere rich in CO or hydrocarbon gases to
give hard, tough outer layer.
carburising flame Oxy-acetylene flame having excess
acetylene.
Carcinotron Backward wave oscillator; TWT for generating
microwaves in which electron beam opposes
direction of travel of a wave guided by a slow-wave
structure.
CARNF
CARD Civil aviation research and development
(NASA, DoT).
Card Aerobatic-team formation resembling 4 (* 4) or 5
(* 5) playing cards.
card compass Simple compass with magnets attached to
pivoted card on which bearings are marked.
CARDE Canadian Armament Research and
Development Establishment.
Cardec Civil-Aviation R & D Executive Committee.
cardinal altitudes, cardinal FLs Altitudes or FLs
forming an odd or even multiple of 1,000 ft.
cardinal point effect Increased intensity of radar returns
when target surface is most nearly perpendicular to LOS,
esp. in case of surface features.
cardinal points Bearings 09 (E), 18 (S), 27 (W) and 36/0
(N).
cardioid Heart-shaped; profile of cam or plot of radio
signal strength against bearing.
cardioid reception Obtained by combining dipole and
reflector or vertical aerial with loop in correct phase.
CARDP Civil-Aviation R & D Program Board.
Cards, CARDS 1 Computer-assisted radar-display
system.
2 Computer-aided reporting and diagnosis system.
Cardsharp Capabilities and requirements demo CBASS
[‘sea bass’] high-alt. recon. program.
CARE Center for Aviation Research and Education
(US).
Caree China Aviation Radar and Electrical Equipment
Institute.
carefree handling AFCS provides reliable protection
against stall, departure or overstress.
Careri China Aeronautical Radio Engineering
Research Institute.
Cares Cratering and related effects simulation.
caret inlet Left and right engine inlets each in front view
having form of parallelogram with centrelines meeting
below a/c.
CARF Central altitude reservation facility; ATC facility
for special users under altitude reservation concept (FAA,
from 1956).
cargo Useful load other than passengers or baggage, but
including live animals. In military aircraft, all load other
than human beings and personal kit and weapons.
cargo conversion Passenger or other non-cargo aircraft
permanently converted to carry freight (see QC [2]).
cargo net Webbing or rope net for restraining cargo on
pallet or igloo.
CARI Civil Aeromedical Research Institute (FAA
1959, became CAMI 1965).
Carlack Proprietary range of cleaner, waxes and
polishes.
car launch Use of towing motor vehicle to launch glider.
car lines Steel wires or multistrand cables passing from
hot-air-balloon load ring down and under basket and
back up to load ring.
CARMS Civil Aviation Radio Measuring Station
(DoT, UK).
carnet Document facilitating crossing frontier by air
without customs dues on aircraft; credit card valid for
aviation fuel and certain services; sometimes includes
medical certificates.
CARNF Charges for airports and route navigation
facilities (ICAO).
126