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grand slam
grand slam Verbal code: “All hostile aircraft sighted
have been shot down” (DoD).
Grand Tour Planned unmanned exploration of series of
outer planets with same spacecraft using planets’ gravitational
fields to turn spacecraft from one to another;
possible only once in each 180 years.
granularity General measure of structure of very large
EDP system based on number of processors used.
granular snow Precipitation from stratus clouds (frozen
drizzle) of small opaque grains 1 mm or less in diameter.
GRAP Ground recognised air picture; -IOC adds initial
operating capability.
grape Purple-suited refuelling crewman on carrier
(USN).
graphic part programming Translation of threedimensional
co-ordinates of workpiece into computer
program for NC machining, invariably using computer
graphic displays as human interfaces.
graphics Visual displays of any kind, esp. electronics
displays forming part of EDP (1), EW or similar system
(eg on CAD), and designed written matter and symbology
inside and on skin of aircraft.
graphics differential engine Uses DTED and algebraic/
polynomial calculation to produce perspective digital
landmass for DMR.
graphics drawing processor An ASIC using subpixel
addressing and anti-aliasing algorithms – eg, giving
smooth dynamics, avoiding stair-stepping – to generate
complex display formats at higher than 30 Hz.
graphic solution Using geometric construction to solve
problem; eg calculating point of no-return.
graphic[s] user interface A simulation of an actual, or
proposed, interface between a human and an operating
system. It typically includes a functioning display and
software simulating fault response.
graphite Soft naturally occurring allotropic form of
carbon, also produced artificially and recently in form of
strong fibres with perfect hexagonal crystalline structure.
Large family commonly called carbon fibres includes
many which in fact are graphite.
graphite bomb Filled with filaments which short-out
hostile electronics.
Grapioc Ground recognised air picture initial operating
capability (UK Army/RAF).
GRAS Ground-based regional augmentation system,
for en-route navigation and precision approach.
Grashof number, Gr Heat-transfer parameter =
1 3 g(T 2 -T 0 )/ν 2 T 0 where 1 is a length, g is gravitational
acceleration, T 1 and T 0 are temperatures, and ν is kinematic
viscosity.
grass Random spikes projecting from timebase of CRT,
radar or other electronic display caused by noise or
deliberate jamming.
grasshopper Safety-pin type of clip used to fasten cowl
and other panels to perforated stud or similar anchor.
graticule Any array of lines used as a reference for
aiming, measurement or determining spatial relationships,
esp. one of straight lines crossing at right angles on
chart, map, CRT or other display, HUD or other human
interface.
grating lobes Undesirable radar-emissions caused by
overlarge spacing between array elements which could
reveal fighter’s position.
grating spectrum Produced by diffraction grating.
GRE
GRAU State rocket and artillery directorate (USSR, R).
graunch To damage aircraft or vehicle (UK, colloq.).
graveyard dive One entered too close to the ground.
graveyard spiral Without blind-flying instruments most
simple aircraft, on entering cloud, can enter increasingly
steep spiral, pilot under 1g and wings apparently level.
Graviner Maker of fire extinguishers, became term for
an extinguisher (RAF WW2).
gravipause Point between two bodies where their gravity
fields are equal and opposite.
gravireceptors All sensors in human body for attitude,
gravity and acceleration.
gravitation Assumed universal property of all masses of
attracting all other masses with force GMm/r 2 where G is
universal * constant, M and m are two masses and r is
mutual distance apart.
gravitational constant, G Also called Newtonian
constant, = 6.6732 10 -11 Nm 2 kg -2 ; other published
values include 6.664, 6.669, 6.670 and 6.6705, in each case
10 -11 .
graviton Hypothetical elementary unit of gravitation.
gravity Attraction experienced in vicinity of a mass,
especially Earth. Standard value for terrestrial acceleration
g = 9.80665 ms -2 = 32.1740 ft/s.
gravity drop Departure of inert projectile from initial
trajectory.
gravity drop angle Angle in vertical plane between gun
line at moment of firing and straight line to a future
projectile position.
gravity feed Relying on fact liquids tend to flow downhill,
unassisted by pump.
gravity seat Simulator seat giving sensation of
‘pulling-g’, see next.
gravity suit Aircrew suit, closely related to g-suit, with
elements inflated/deflated by external system to give
sensation of flight manoeuvres.
gravity tank Container relying on gravity for feed, hence
may be inoperable when inverted.
gray 1 Grey (US spelling).
2 Derived SI unit of absorbed dose of ionising radiation,
equal to 1J/kg.
gray Code Binary code used to transmit altitude data
interleaved between transponder framing pulses,
changing one digit at a time in Mode C.
gray scale Grey scale.
grazing Almost tangent to a curved surface, eg Sun-limb
sensor or target-ranging system in low-level attack.
grazing angle That between aircraft axis or sensor LOS
and local Earth’s surface.
GRB Gamma-ray burst; CN adds co-ordinates
network.
GRBL Green-raster brightness level.
GRBM Gamma-ray burst monitor.
GRC 1 Glenn Research Center (NASA, Cleveland,
Ohio).
2 Glass-reinforced concrete.
GRCA Ground radar coverage area (MR-Tip).
GRCS Guardrail common sensor.
GRDC Gulf Range drone control; US adds update
system.
GRDS 1 Ground-roll director system, based on PVD.
2 Generic radar display system.
GRE 1 Ground readout equipment.
2 Ground runup enclosure.
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