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sures/directional gyro and compass in
agreement/altimeter setting.
freddie Air-intercept controlling unit (DoD).
free-air anomaly Difference between observed and
theoretical gravity computed for latitude and corrected
for elevation above or below geoid.
free-air overpressure Unreflected pressure in excess of
ambient created by blast wave from explosion.
free airport One at which people and goods may be
trans-shipped without customs charges or examination.
free-air tunnel Aerodynamic or other test with specimen
moved through atmosphere, eg on aircraft or rail flatcar
or rocket sled.
free atmosphere That portion of Earth’s atmosphere,
above planetary boundary layer, in which effect of Earth’s
surface friction on air motion is negligible, and in which
air is usually treated (dynamically) as ideal fluid. Base
usually taken as geostrophic wind level.
free balloon One floating untethered.
free-balloon concentration ring Ring to which are
attached ropes suspending basket and to which net is
secured; also known as load ring.
free-balloon net Distributes basket load over upper
surface of envelope.
freeboard In a marine aircraft, the vertical distance from
the loaded waterline to the lowest opening through which
water could enter.
free-body principle Stress-analysis procedure that
involves isolating structure, considering it to be held in
equilibrium by loads acting upon it.
free-call Change frequency [non-mandatory ATC
advisory].
free canopy Cockpit canopy that is non-jettisonable.
freedoms Basic rights for the air carriers [airlines] of all
nations, negotiated between governments:
1 To fly across another’s territory, without landing.
2 To make technical [non-traffic] stop, landing at
another’s territory to refuel or for any other non-traffic
reason.
3 Right to set down, to bring passengers or goods to
another country.
4 Right to pick up, to bring passengers or goods from
another country.
5 Right to fly to a foreign state, pick up traffic and
convey it to third state. In US often called Beyond rights.
6 Right to pick up traffic from a foreign state, convey it
to a third and return to one’s own.
7 Right to carry traffic between two foreign states
without calling at one’s home terrioty.
free drop Dropping packaged equipment or supplies
without parachute.
free electron Not bound to an atom.
free fall 1 Fall of body without guidance, thrust or
braking device.
2 Free motion along Keplerian trajectory, in which
force of gravity is counterbalanced by force of inertia.
3 Parachute jump in which parachute is manually activated
at discretion of parachutist, or automatically at
pre-set altitude.
4 Acceleration g under standard conditions, =
9.80665 ms –2 .
free-fall altimeter Worn by parachutist in free-fall jump
to deploy parachute at pre-set altitude.
free-fall(ing) bomb Bomb without guidance.
free-stream capture area
free-fall landing gear Designed to be lowered by force of
gravity, and possibly wind load.
free-fall model Unpowered model for spinning or other
tests intended to fall freely after release.
free fan Name promoted by Boeing for UDF and
propfan propulsion to avoid image of ‘propeller’.
free-field testing In the open air.
Free Flight Programme ‘to provide controllers and NAS
users with tangible functional enhancements’ (FAA).
Broadly, it puts decisions regarding commercial traffic
over the US in the hands of pilots, monitored from the
ground.
free flight 1 Without guidance except, possibly, simple
stabilizing autopilot.
2 In air-carrier operations, captain can select his own
FL and flight path, ATC intervening only to prevent
conflict.
free-flight model One normally ground-launched and
self-propelled, usually instrumented for aerodynamic or
flutter measures.
free-flight tunnel One in which model can be observed in
free flight, ie unmounted or fired from gun.
free-form fabrication Flexible manufacturing method
for rapid development of prototype parts.
free gun Capable of being aimed independently of the
aircraft.
free gyro Two degrees of freedom, spin axis may be
oriented in any specified attitude and not provided with
erection system.
free jet Fluid jet after emission from nozzle.
free-jet test In an open hypersonic airflow, rather than
having air pumped into inlet.
freelance Verbal code: “Self-control of air-intercept
aircraft is being employed” (DoD).
free-molecule flow 1 Flow regime in which mean free
path is at least ten times typical dimension of flying body,
as at height above 180 km.
2 Flow about body in which collisions between
molecules of fluid are negligible compared with collisions
between these and body.
free parachute Deployed manually by parachutist, not
by static line.
free-piston engine Any of several types in which hot gas
is generated between pistons oscillating freely in linear or
toroidal cylnders.
FREER Free-route experimental encounter resolution.
free radical Atom or group of atoms broken away from
stable compound by application of external energy; often
highly reactive.
free-return trajectory One in which crippled spacecraft
would fall back to Earth.
free rocket Unguided rocket.
free scan DME operating mode providing distance to all
DMEs within LOS.
free space Ideal homogeneous medium possessing
dielectric constant of unity and in which there is nothing
to reflect, refract or absorb energy.
free-spinning tunnel Vertical wind tunnel used to test
spinning characteristics using free models.
free-standing propellant Not case-bonded.
free stream Fluid outside region affected by aircraft or
other body.
free-stream capture area Cross-sectional area of column
of air ingested by jet engine, esp. ramjet.
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