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technology in government organisations to improve the information and services offered to
citizens, to regulate the effectiveness and efficiency of public administration, and to increase
substantially the transparency of the public sector and the participation therein of citizens.”
The Charter addresses the question of the identification of individuals as a tool of electronic
government. It points out the obligation of the State to facilitate access by citizens (in a wide
sense) to the electronic information held by the government. Among the fundamental elements
identified by the Charter are “the identification of the citizens, government organisations and
their officials and agents who use electronic media, as well as the authenticity of those electronic
documents that contain their consent or authority.” (CHARTER; 2007).
The Charter recommends that States issue legal and technical regulations which guarantee
for both citizens and the government the conditions necessary for “security and confidence
in their electronic transactions, both as regards the identity of the person, organisation or
institution one is dealing with and as regards the authenticity and integrity of the content of
the communication and, consequently, in the impossibility of it being repudiated by the issuer.”
The Charter considers that a communication has such authenticity and integrity if it is received
as transmitted, without its contents having been altered. The recommendation to States in
this respect is that in their regulations on the security of electronic government they consider
“physical systems, and systems of electronic signature, including advanced and other alternative
systems of electronic signature as may be required by the nature of the transaction, which
permit the person communicating to be identified and the authenticity of the content of the
communication to be verified.”
We can see therefore that the Ibero-American Charter on Electronic Government highlights the
identification of individuals as a core element in the implementation of policies of electronic
government. The role of the State is central to achieving the correct identification of individuals
to enable the implementation of public policies to be implemented, as in its role in identification
in electronic settings.
In the virtual environment, the Charter recognises the basic electronic signature and the digital,
or advanced electronic, signature as elements of authentication. These are tools which allow
the authorship of an electronic document to be identified, and its integrity confirmed, and in
addition the identity of a person to be confirmed in a virtual setting.
In this respect, and following the recommendations of the Lisbon Declaration, Ibero-American
governments considered it necessary to supplement the Ibero-American Charter on Electronic
Government with a specific framework for social electronic identification to provide
the region with a conceptual framework as a guide to the identification of individuals and
electronic authentication, which are fundamental to the full exercise of rights and the effective
implementation of public policies of social inclusion. (FRAMEWORK; 2011)
IV. Ibero-american framework for social electronic identification
As a result of the foregoing, the Ibero-American Framework for Social Electronic Identification
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