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Vucetich system or any other that technical evolution may recommend in the future.”.
As in almost all the legislation that provides for the enrolment and issuance of a document to
physical persons, the Argentine law established the constitution of a personal file containing
individuals’ patronymic data – their transcendental biographical data -, the individual’s physical
identification by means of the 10-fingerprint registration and the assignment of a “fixed,
exclusive and immutable” number according to the wording of the Law. (CASAL; 2010)
The use of digital technologies for the identification of Argentine citizens and foreigners, as
well as the issue of the National Identity Document is authorized by Decree No. 1501/2009,
regulating Law No. 17.671. This Decree rules that the New National Identity Document will be
issued in two formats: booklet and card. It gives the Citizen National Register, depending from
the Ministry of the Interior, the function of establishing the design, characteristics and details of
the new ID, both in its booklet and card format, with its nomenclature, description and security
and inviolability features.
On the other hand, Resolution No. 1800/2009, regulating the Decree mentioned ut supra,
established the confidential nature of the contents referred to the security aspects and features
of the ID, which are exclusively reserved to the authorities with the power of conducting an
expert’s audit, in order to keep verification and validation of them by the competent authorities
under maximum security conditions.
Consequently, the new ID contains patronymic data, fingerprints and photos, and a 2D barcode
that incorporates the biographical and biometric data of the document’s owner. This new
regulation gives the Citizen National Register the authority to digitize the procedure and to
modernize documentation, as the substantial stage previous to the issue of the electronic ID.
The 1968 Law, as set at the end of its article 7, has provided for the technical evolution for
the treatment of fingerprint data in individuals’ identification, more precisely in the processes
conducted by the Citizen National Register (ReNaPer).
Therefore, the enrolment process and further comparison of fingerprints, as established in
the law, can be validly performed manually by a fingerprint expert, or through the use of an
automated system known as AFIS (Automatic Fingerprint Identification System). (CASAL; 2010)
In Argentina, then, we have a specific legal framework that regulates the individuals’
identification process, and assigns this function to an institution with federal scope - Citizen
National Register, and provides for the use of biometric technologies. The identification
of visible existence individuals in the Argentine Republic is legally supported on the use of
biometrics technologies.
Protection of the right to identity
The Argentine Legal System recognizes the right to identity and, consequently, it is the State’s
obligation to identify individuals. This issue is ruled by Law No. 24.540, that establishes the
newborn identification regime, its amendment, No. 24.884 and Law No. 26.061 referred to the
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