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Determination of age
Age can be determined using the degree of development of the teeth and certain anthropometric
measurements. Dental development timeline (VIII)
Primary or temporary dentition
• Lower central incisors: 6 months
• Upper central incisors: 7 months
• Upper lateral incisors: 8 months
• Lower lateral incisors: 9 months
• Lower first molar: 12 months
• Upper first molar: 13 months
• Canines: 18 months
• Second molars: 24 months
Permanent dentition
• First permanent molar: 6 years
• Central incisors: 7 years
• Lateral incisors: 8 years
• First premolar: 9-11 years
• Second premolar: 11-12 years
• Second molar: 12 years
• Canines: 13 years
• Third molars: 18-25 years
Since this may vary, however, other studies should also be conducted, such as Carmen Nolla
tables 11 , carpal X-ray 12 , and measurement of the skull and jawbones.
Fig. 5: Panoramic X-ray of the dental chronology of a child of approximately eight years of age
11 These trace the different stages of formation of the tooth, divided into 10 periods from the formation of the crown through calcifi
cation, formation of the root, calcification and apical closure. Each one occurs at a precise time and indicates estimated age. Diag
nosis requires X-rays to be taken.
12 This involves assessment of the degree of development of the carpal bone, which helps calculate bone age and potential for growth.
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