Latgalistikys kongresu materiali, III. 2011. - Latvijas Universitāte

these claims are gaining momentum. Religion plays a major role in the
linguistic landscape of the area: Latvians are traditionally Protestant and
Latgalians Catholic, while the Russian-speaking community is divided into
Old Believers (старовeры, mainly descendents of the first settlers) and
Orthodox (those who came mainly in Soviet times) 25 .
The aim of quantitative surveys such as the Survey Latgalia is to acquire
coherent and complete knowledge of the current sociolinguistic profiles
of the areas under analysis, by examining levels of use and knowledge
rate of the spoken codes as well as the social, ideological and identity
factors linked to the various languages. The large sample sizes and controlled
sampling methods ensure a very high level of representativity for
the selected variables (i.e. geographical unit, age and sex): the statistical
methods applied were defined in collaboration with the official Statistics
Offices (who were also involved in the practical elaboration of the questionnaires,
although they were not responsible for linguistic design or
translation of the questionnaires into the various languages), drawing on
their vast experience in the field. Accordingly the data should be free from
statistical error and lend themselves to an objective analysis (as opposed to
an arbitrary interpretation) of the sociolinguistic variables under study.
The Latgalia survey was administered by means of printed questionnaires,
designed so as to fit both local linguistic practices and the scientific
goals of the project. The questionnaires were written in the main languages
spoken by the communities, Latvian, Russian and Latgalian 26 ; they were
personally delivered by research assistants — mainly students of Rēzekne
University College, able to speak all the languages in use amongst community
members — to the respondents, who were allowed to choose in
which language to complete the questionnaire. The choice made provided
the researchers with an indication of which language was really preferred
by the informant, independently of the levels of language use declared in
25 In the area, religion shapes the distinction between Poles and Belarussians: although
these two groups speak varieties which have many similarities, members of
the Orthodox Church often claim to speak Belarusian while Catholics often regard
themselves as Poles. On the Language/Religion interaction in Latgalia, mainly concerning
Latvian, Russian and Latgalian see Lazdiņa, Šuplinska, Iannàccaro,
Dell’Aquila forth.
26 A characteristic of all the Surveys conducted by the Centre d’Études Linguistiques
pour l’Europe: in each geographical area investigated the official languages (whatever
the number) or, if there are evident disparities between law and reality, the
main languages of the area are employed.
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