Brasil e China no Reordenamento das Relações ... - Funag

tang xiaobing
Havana Charter. Both countries were Members of the Interim Commission
for the International Trade Organization (ICITO). However, with the ITO
did not come into effect, the GATT, as contained in Chapter IV of the
Havana Charter, was applied provisionally, which had for a long time
remained the only multilateral instrument governing international trade
until the establishment of the WTO in 1995.
GATT, then, together with the International Monetary Fund and
the World Bank, formed the post-World War II World economic order.
Both Brazil and China were the original 23 contracting parties to the
GATT. China, in 1950, due to historical reasons, ceased to participate
in the GATT.
Both Brazil and China were also Members of the ICITO’s Executive
Committee, which was responsible for the election of the Director
General of the GATT. China’s membership in the Executive Committee
of ICITO continued until the establishment of the WTO in 1995, despite
China ceased to participate in the GATT in 1950 2 .
Both Brazil and China are exporters of textiles and clothing and
were members of the Programme of Co-operation among the Developing
Countries, Exporters of Textiles. Both Brazil and China were signatories
of the GATT Multi-fibre Arrangement (MFA). Both Brazil and China
were members of the International Textiles and Clothing Bureau (ITCB).
2. From GATT to WTO
During the post-war period, there were some very encouraging
developments in the GATT, for instance: 1) The role of tariffs as the main
instrument of trade policy was practically restored, and the successive
negotiating rounds under GATT auspices made considerable progress
in reducing the high tariff levels; 2) Trade in industrial products among
the developed countries was practically, though not entirely, freed of
quantitative restrictions; 3) The 1955 revision of the GATT eased the
conditions for imposing QRs; 4) The adoption of Part IV of the GATT
in 1965; 5) The adoption and implementation of the generalized system
2 Records show that China was represented together with Brazil and others at the meetings of
the Executive Committee of ICITO on 13 August 1980 and 11 August 1993 for the election of
Mr. Arthur Dunkel and Mr. Peter Sutherland as Director-General of the GATT from respectively.
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