Brasil e China no Reordenamento das Relações ... - Funag

tang xiaobing
The completion of the Uruguay Round and the founding of the
WTO were a milestone in the long struggle to establish a rule-based
system, governing multilateral trade relations as a single undertaking.
The system consists of: 1) Implementation and operation of WTO
Agreements, including trade in goods, trade in services and IPR
protection; 2) Framework to further the objectives of the WTO
Agreements; 3) Legislation or forum for trade negotiations and rule making;
4) Litigation or administer the Understanding on Rules and Procedures
Governing the Settlement of Dispute (DSU); and 5) Monitoring or
administer the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM), including RTAs.
The WTO agreements consolidated the fundamental principle of
the multilateral trading system of non-discrimination, i.e. Most Favored
Nation (MFN) and National Treatment. It made trade liberalization
more predictable through the binding of tariffs, tariff reduction and
elimination. It also increased the transparency of trading system
through the procedures of notifications and the Trade Policy Review
mechanism. Freer trade has been ensured and through negotiations
to further suppress the obstacles to trade. The WTO agreements also
encouraged development through the provision of S & D treatment
to developing countries and LDCs, including longer deadlines, more
flexibility, and specific “privileges”. Finally, it institutionalized the
framework of the WTO.
As a result of the Uruguay Round multilateral trade negotiations,
leading to the establishment of the WTO in 1995, and the subsequent
accession to the WTO of key economies, such as China, Chinese Taipei,
Saudi Arab and Vietnam, government policies and measures are becoming
more liberal and open, which have dramatically increased the levels of
economic integration and interdependencies among our nations.
At the same time, there has been an increase in South/South
cooperation, trade and investment, and regional integration, in particular,
between developed and developing countries. The increased FDI and
presence of translational corporations in developing countries as a result
of the enforcement of TRIPs protection, and liberalization of trade in
both goods and services under the WTO Agreements. While trade
liberalization in agriculture is still under way it is important to note that
trade in textiles and clothing has already been integrated to the GATT/
WTO rules.
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