Brasil e China no Reordenamento das Relações ... - Funag

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swifter and deepened reforms to satisfy demands by the ever-changing
situation, and counter global and regional problems on a broader scale.
To take the high ground in the post-financial crisis era, different countries
will establish various temporary and exclusive blocs, which will be an
important trend in the development of future global decision making
system. As these blocs differ in the ability to integrate different interests
and to set up standards, only those with strong consensuses and powerful
functions will survive the fierce competition, and becoming the starting
point for establishing a global system.
Thirdly, ideas of international development will inevitably
become diversified and independent. Back in the era of Western-
Centrism, besides building an absolute advantage in physical strength,
the West monopolized the right to interpret mode of development and
modernity. The heart of the Western intercourse lies in the presumption
of a unique way to modernization, or rather, the Western mode, and
in the belief in the almightiness of democracy. That is why the world
was simply divided into democratic states and autocratic states. Drawn
from moral standards rather than fact-based judgment, the division
considered the experience accumulated under specific scenarios as the
universal choice. 11 Driven by a messianic mindset, the West vigorously
promoted their experience across the globe, resulting in political
turmoil and social instability in many late-coming countries. Zakaria
holds that many of the democratization attempts by countries involved
in the third wave of democratization eventually evolved into illiberal
democracy, stirring up worldwide suspicion of the portability of the
Western mode. The Western image as the pioneer in modernization
and defender of democracy is now shattered by the exposure of a
series of internal problems in the West, such as strategic blunders in
US foreign policy, the out-break of financial crisis, and the spread of
European sovereign debt crisis. Contrastingly, the non-Western world
is now on the rise. Emerging countries are relatively successful in
economic development and crisis prevention. Increasingly confident,
these countries put more emphasis on their own characteristics, and
11 Huntington believes that the Western civilization is not the same with modern society, for the
civilization was established far before modernization. The value of Western civilization lies in
its uniqueness rather than its universality. See Samuel P. Huntington, “The West Unique, Not
Universal”, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 75, N o 6, Nov./Dec., 1996, pp. 28-46.
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