Johnson 2004 - CDLI - UCLA

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combination with the copula following the verb as an indication that line 117 is a question (for a similar construction, see the series of igi bi 2.du 8.am 3 [“did you see . . . ?”] predicates at the end of Gilgamesh and the Netherworld). The final verb in line 115 also shows a great deal of formal variation: nam.bi tar.ra (K and EE), nam bi 2.ib.tar.re (Z), nam.bi in.tar.re (AA), nam.bi in.tar.ra.am 3 (FF), nam.bi tar.re (II), nam bi 2 [...] (JJ). It seems fairly clear that the variation revolves around the sequence /nam bi tar/ and one interpretation, nam bi 2.ib.tar.re (Z), belongs to a grammatical class dealt with in this chapter, namely the *XP nam bi-√ distributional class. Otherwise, the differences between manuscript Z and the majority text are more difficult to evaluate: œiß gid.da ad.da.œu 10.ße 3 instead of œiß gid 2.da ad.da.œa 2.ße 3; nu.ub.be 2 instead of nu.ub.be 2.en; and ib 2.us 2.e instead of i 3.ib 2.us 2. 285
4.3 Focus-affected compound verb constructions (excluding BNBV inal) The interpretation of the four following examples is particularly difficult due to the fact that they are compound verbs with relatively opaque compositionality. (23) Lugalbanda [1.8.2.2], ll. 213-217 [ Topic gu 3 i.ri.de 2.a nam mu.ni.ib.be 2.en [ Presupposition ßeß.zu.ne.er [ Focus pa nam] bi 2.ib.e 3.en] As for what I have told you, the fate I have fixed for you, you should not MAKE IT KNOWN to your brothers, (but rather you should TAKE CARE OF THEM [cf. a 2-√e 3 “to take care of”], lit. it is not THE BRANCH that you should cause to go forth [so as to inform] your brothers, but rather THE ARM that you should cause to go forth. 213. gu 3 i.ri.de 2.a nam i.ri.tar.ra As for what I told you, your fate I ordained, 214. ku.li.zu.ne.er nam mu.ni.ib.be 2.en It is not your friends whom you should tell, 215. ßeß.zu.ne.er pa nam bi 2.ib.e 3.en It is not to your brothers that you should 216. sa 6.ga ˙ul ßa 3.ga œal 2.la ur 5 ˙e 2.na.nam.ma 286 make it known, Fair fortune may conceal foul, isn’t it true? 217. œa 2.e gud 3.œu 10.ße 3 ˙e 2.me.en za.e Leave me to my nest, you should be with erin 2.zu ˙e 2.me.en your troops,”
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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angele
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To Grace iii
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Section 2.3: BNBV inal reduplicatio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Each dance and its
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education in anthropological lingui
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adopted me, taught me Japanese, fed
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forthcoming book. Both provided me
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PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS John
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topic and focus. This dissertation
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FocusP Focus Phrase ForceP (Illocut
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Preface Before turning to the first
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1994), has produced a degree of com
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grammatical phenomenon begins with
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morphological oppositions that are
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The topic-marked noun in (1), Mary,
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descriptive characterizations appli
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espects and differ only with respec
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ergative case-marked lexical noun p
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focus, clause-linkage and rhetorica
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1 The BNBV inal distributional clas
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transitivity as opposed to the patt
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1.1 Directive case and the oblique
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(3) Ean. 11 2:9-3:4 (Jagersma forth
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(6) Ean. 1 9:2-3 (Zólyomi 1999: 21
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interpreting [ni] 10 as locative, w
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BNBV class will be proposed, but in
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Examples (8) and (9) obviously diff
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all identical in syntax), XP 1 refe
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the two criteria mentioned above, n
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Note that two lexemes, saœ-√il 2
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this chapter. And, it is, after all
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1.3 BNBV inal as a low source appli
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in the English double object constr
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Various theoretical considerations
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But Landau then draws a comparison
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work of Nichols who describes the d
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1.4 BNBV inal verbs of perception B
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(31) Eduba Regulations [PBS 1/2, 98
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The special characteristic of BNBV
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9. 1/3(diß) ma.na 5(diß) gin 2 in
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(40) Inanna and Ebih [1.3.2], ll. 8
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(44) Sumerian Proverbs, Collection
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465. d nergal d meß 3.lam.ta.e 3.[
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15. [x x] ki niœ 2 zi pa.an.pa.ne.
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23. d en.lil 2.le igi.ni ki kur 2.r
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argument to be changed to locative
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(60) A praise poem of Shulgi (Shulg
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199. uruda ˙a.zi.in 2(diß) ma.na
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1.7 Possible motivations for the BN
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Note that I differ from Zólyomi in
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Gragg’s statistics, based on a co
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1.8 Ergative possessors and the tra
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sentences in which they occur, but
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In the examples in (72), a dummy pr
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2 Decomposing lexical aspect: Telic
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aspect” as a rough equivalent to
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esultative secondary predicates—i
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In (1), factoring out tense as much
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separately on the basis of whether
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In the three examples in (2), contr
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nominal modified by the secondary p
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translated by Akkadian D-stem verbs
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forms are, in some cases at least,
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(Yoshikawa 1993, 308). Whereas D-st
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coffee—only the inanimacy of coff
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(16) wo3 wen4 (yi) wen4 zai4 jue2-d
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(19) ta1 de lian3 hen3 bai2 she Pos
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eduplicated stem is followed by the
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2.3 BNBV inal reduplication: Depict
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16. dum.dum.bi lugal d ur. d za.ba
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352. œiß bal ki.ßar 2.ra mu.ni.i
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check on quality or quantity of fie
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accomplishment, so as secondary pre
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earing the *bi-√ prefix generally
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denoting progress also occurs in su
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verbs are also injunctive forms, an
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(42) The Exploits of Ninurta [1.6.2
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The example in (44) was presented i
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The last area of lexical aspectual
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As an example of the restriction on
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followed by *-e (which could be an
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(50) [ Topic saœ.ki.ni [ Appositio
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26. d en.ki me a.na œal 2.la mu.u
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167. peß 2 tur.≠gin 7± kiri 3
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context available in these three pa
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less clear. Achievements are quite
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(61) A hymn to Haya for Rim-Sin (Ri
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2.5 Introducing telicity, ßu, and
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followed by resultative seems to be
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In (67), I present the two-part der
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internal relative clauses such as t
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gave the floor a clean sweep” onl
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248. [za].e tuß.a er 2 œa 2.e ga.
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Since it is an achievement predicat
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10. siki.ni u2 numun 2.bur.gin 7 i
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(81) Enmerkar and Ensu˙girana [1.8
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2.6 BNBV inal as a particle-verb co
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than indicating the location or adv
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(90) Hey, toss [ Indirect object me
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object position if the applicative
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(98) Indonesian causative in -kan (
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constituents, which happens to corr
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2.7 The link between the BNBV const
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(103) a. BI (du 8, igi, gig) b. gu
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3 Diagnosing presupposition in Sume
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contrastive focus construction with
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3.1 Presupposition and assertion, t
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The easiest way of differentiating
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In the case of an existential sente
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verbs of direct perception in Sumer
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demonstrative reference, whereas th
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3.2 Focus and focal presupposition
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In both (15a) and (15b), the focuse
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sentence (taking into consideration
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similar structures in other languag
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of *mini-√ < *bi-ni-√, the situ
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emphasize that in all likelihood th
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line 207: instead of igi mi.ni.in.i
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349. i 3.gur 2 ki.a mu.na.ab.za He
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182. niœ 2. ak.a “What my evil m
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The curious word-order in line 146
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105. e 2 nam.ti.la e 2 d en.lil 2.l
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(29) Lugalbanda I [1.8.2.1], l. 409
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similar to the previous examples of
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(33) Textual witnesses to Dumuzi’
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Page 253 and 254: Shlonsky 2004). If one were to tran
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Page 259 and 260: If we are to pick apart the subtle
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Page 263 and 264: Definite noun phrases such as “my
Page 265 and 266: . kamree-mee aadmii hai room-in man
Page 267 and 268: . larkee-kee paas kuttaa hai boy.Ob
Page 269 and 270: topicalized, the following example
Page 271 and 272: . when there is more than one gover
Page 273 and 274: The contrast in (53), therefore, is
Page 275 and 276: (55) John-un [[totwuk-i tomangka]-n
Page 277 and 278: These distinctions can also provide
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Page 281 and 282: epeating the presupposition of the
Page 283 and 284: (5) Gilgamesh and the Netherworld,
Page 285 and 286: 4.2 Focus-affected *bi-√ prefix c
Page 287 and 288: In the first of my examples of focu
Page 289 and 290: indicate that Enmerkar seeks neithe
Page 291 and 292: 62. d en.lil 2 d nin.lil 2.da tuß.
Page 293 and 294: 117. ki lugal gub ki dadag.ga nam I
Page 295 and 296: Alster (1974, 34-35) reconstructs l
Page 297 and 298: 245. d ezina 2.ra You should not ..
Page 299 and 300: ki 34. lu2 ma2.ri2 .ke4 œalga ur.r
Page 301: (22) The Young Scribe and his Fathe
Page 305 and 306: 11. na ri.ga.œu 10 ßu nam bi 2.ba
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Page 309 and 310: 408. u 4 ˙ul gig du 11.ga d en.lil
Page 311 and 312: and made the subject of a lengthy
Page 313 and 314: It is interesting that the construc
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Page 317 and 318: (32) María se fué con nada Maria
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Page 325 and 326: (41) a. ston petro dhanisan to vivl
Page 327 and 328: ninda and uzu.zu appear in the same
Page 329 and 330: (“Specify” in Chung and Ladusaw
Page 331 and 332: 5 Possession, animacy and the rise
Page 333 and 334: understood as a single component of
Page 335 and 336: increasingly specific) models of th
Page 337 and 338: diachronic origins (as opposed to t
Page 339 and 340: C” ergativity. Whether Type C erg
Page 341 and 342: Here in the realm of participial co
Page 343 and 344: straightforward: the perception beg
Page 345 and 346: instrumentality. In other words, th
Page 347 and 348: causative environment described by
Page 349 and 350: work on bare nouns, indefiniteness
Page 351 and 352: Baker, Mark. 1988. Incorporation: A
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Cooper, Jerrold, and Wolfgang Heimp
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Givón, T. 1984. Syntax: A Function
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Kim, Ji-yung. 2003. Verb Reduplicat
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Loprieno, Antonio. 1991. Focus, Moo
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Prince, Ellen. 1992. The ZPG Letter
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------. 1991. The Alignment of Argu
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------. 1970. Eine Schicksalsentsch
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