Challenges in the Era of Globalization - iaabd

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Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference © 2011 IAABD 27. High risks involved in new enterprise 3.58 1.25 3.72 .68 Agree 28. Low status of business in the eyes of the public. 3.57 1.08 3.60 .71 Agree 29. Low patronage from potential customers. 3.47 1.18 3.24 .72 Agree 30. Low level of investment in physical and human capital. 3.92 1.02 3.88 .44 Agree Table 2 shows mean ratings of the respondents on the extent the above challenges affect Nigerian economic development. From the analysis, inadequate capital, 3.95 (1.95) 3.92 (.70) lack of skilled and competent management 3.95 (1.95) 3.88 (.44), political instability 3.92 (1.02) 3.76 (.44), turbulent and unstable business environment due to socio-economic problems 3.82 (1.14) 3.76 (.59), misapplication of loans for another purpose 3.73 (1.17) 3.76 (.59), inability of entrepreneurs to source adequate fund 3.76 (1.59) 3.64 (.57) and low level of investment in physical and human capital 3.92 (1.02) 3.88 (.44) were the most significant challenges that affect Nigerian economic development. This is as a result of their mean levels compared to others. However there is the need to investigate the extent these challenges as mentioned above impact on Nigeria economic development. Table 3 – Respondents Mean Ratings on the Solution to the Challenges of Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria S/N Solutions to the problems militating Male Female Rmk. against entrepreneurship development in Nigeria Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurs X1 SD1 X2 D2 Agree 31. Sound economic policy 3.64 1 .46 3.60 .71 Agree 32. Provision of special funds for entrepreneurs 33. Diversification of business opportunities to meet the demands of the public 34. Recognition of the contributions of entrepreneurs to national economic development 35. Organizing training programs for entrepreneurs 36. Revitalizing institutions supporting the development of entrepreneurs 3.96 1.26 3.56 1.26 3.91 1.43 3.59 1.16 3.82 1.13 3.92 .70 3.76 .52 4.00 .76 3.60 .71 Agree Agree Agree Agree 3.91 .43 Agree 218
37. Provision of sound education for human capital/entrepreneurship development. 38. Encourage patronage to indigenous entrepreneurs Challenges in the Era of Globalization Edited by Emmanuel Obuah 3.60 1.29 3.64 .58 Agree 3.72 1.06 3.76 .44 Agree 39. Create enabling business environment 3.58 1.25 3.56 .65 Agree 40 Provision of infrastructural facilities 3.59 1.29 3.48 .59 Agree The table above shows that the respondents agreed to all the items indicating that they are solutions to the problems militating against entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. Table 4: T –Test summary for significant difference between the opinions of female and male entrepreneurs on challenges to entrepreneurship development in Nigeria Variable No Mean SD Df t-cal t-crit Decision Female Entrepreneurs Male Entrepreneurs 25 152 3.66 3.70 0.61 1.14 175 1.337 The test of the hypothesis revealed that there is no significant difference as perceived by the female and male entrepreneurs on the challenges to entrepreneurship development (ED) in Nigeria. This is because at 0.05 level of significance and 175 df the t-cal of 1.337 is less than the critical t of 1.90. Table 5: T-test summary for significant relationship between the opinions of female and male entrepreneurs on environmental influence as a challenge to entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. Variable No Mean SD Df t-cal t-crit Decision Female Entrepreneurs 25 48.80 6.92 Male Entrepreneurs 152 47.05 11.75 1.90 NS 175 .722 1.96 NS The test of hypothesis revealed that both female and male entrepreneurs agreed that turbulent, socio economic and political uncertainties negatively affect their business activities. This is because at 0.05 level of significance and 175df, the calculated t of .722 is less than the critical t of 1.96. When the efforts of the entrepreneurs are destroyed in one wave of violent uproar in a region in Nigeria, it becomes difficult for the entrepreneurs to adjust and continue business operations. The freedom required by them to establish and please customers as Kimbro (1995) earlier stated will never be attained. One might say that the above problem might become a more serious and bigger challenge to entrepreneurs than can be envisaged if not properly handled. 219
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Challenges in the Era of Globalizat
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Table of Contents Challenges in the
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Lennart Bangens, Goteborg, Sweden C
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Local Steering Committee Jacob Musi
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Track 1: Accounting, Finance, and I
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Abstract Challenges in the Era of G
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Abstract Determinants of Bank Lendi
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Empirical Results Challenges in the
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Table 3 Determinants of Competitive
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Research Findings Challenges in the
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Abstract: Study on Africa Governmen
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Abstract Challenges of Oil Revenue
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Abstract Land Based Sources of Poll
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Abstract On the Mitigation of Rever
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⎧κ ( ω) − ( 1− p) β ( ω)
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Assessment of pollutants in nigeria
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Figure 1: Lagos off shore survey po
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Academic Pry School 3 3 0 Backgroun
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Track 5: Management Education Chall
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Table: Model Fitness Regression Sta
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Abstract The Changing Requirements
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The Model, Data and Variable Defini
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Track 8: Gender and Economic Develo
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Empirical results Challenges in the
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Abstract Gender, poverty and sustai
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Figure 1.1: Spread of directorships
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Theoretical Framework Challenges in
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Single 18.1 Masters and above 35.3
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Source: Field survey, 2010 Table 3:
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Track 9: Global Studies and Politic
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Conceptual Definitions Challenges i
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Conclusions and Implications Challe
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Abstract Exploring Organisational R
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district hospitals: Evidence from N
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Defining the Organisational Culture
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Table 1: A Summary of Operating Ban
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Discussion and Conclusion Challenge
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Abstract What does Globalization me
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7. I see globalization as providing
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Track 12: Information Systems and E
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Research Methods approach Challenge
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Statement of the Problem Challenges
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Convenient location of banks Challe
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Figure 1.Framework for Bank selecti
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Banks in Ghana Challenges in the Er
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References: Challenges in the Era o
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Figure 5: Causal loop diagram inclu
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The study seeks to: • examine typ
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Figure 2: Customer Perception of MT
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Relationship Commitment Total 1264.
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Factor Item Loading Imaginative 0.4
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Figure 1: Components of Data Analys
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Abstract Marketing Nigerian medicin
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References Challenges in the Era of
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firms attained below average market
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Conclusion Dissatisfied 6 3.4 3.6 7
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Abstract Customer satisfaction with
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Methodology Challenges in the Era o
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Discussion Challenges in the Era of
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Postgraduate 19 Internet experience
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Average daily Internet hours z P-va
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Conclusion Challenges in the Era of
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GOVERNMENT MoFED SECTORS Structure
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�− growth and represented by
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Results Challenges in the Era of Gl
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CSOEs Statesponsored Agenda Resourc
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Methodology Challenges in the Era o
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Figure1.1Inflation and Indexation R
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Football Spectatorship Challenges i
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