Challenges in the Era of Globalization - iaabd

Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference © 2011 IAABD
exhibited partially mediation on the PJ-MOCAP relationship. Thus, while POJ (PJ and IJ) affects the
behavioral aspects of the HF (MOCAP and HBEHAV) for the Indian sample only indirectly through MC,
in the Ghana sample, PJ also has a direct effect on MOCAP and so is IJ on HBAHAV.
In conclusion, the study shows that although Ghana and India are high power distance cultural
environments, procedural and interpersonal fairness are important to employees. Procedural and
interpersonal fairness at the workplace leads to the development of employee-organization relationship
based on mutual commitment because employees are more likely to reciprocate such fairness with a
stronger attachment, identification, and loyalty to the organization. Second, treating employees fairly,
procedurally and interpersonally, can engender both the behavioral and capabilities aspects of the HF
either directly or indirectly through employees’ experiences of MC. Third, the relationship between POJ
and the HF, and how MC mediates the POJ-HF relationship is different in Ghana and India. Finally, the
study has limitations that must be acknowledged to provide avenues for future research. They include: (a)
the use of cross-sectional designs in collecting the data precluding the possibility of making inferences
about causality; (b) the data from each of the samples were collected at a single point in time raising
concerns about common method variance problems, although we interspersed the POJ, POC and POS
items to minimize common method variance problems; and (c) the study focused on only procedural and
interactional justice and did not explore the influence of distributive justice and the separation of
interactional justice into interpersonal and informative justice. Future research may consider using the
four-factor organizational justice construct to ascertain whether there are differences between how
informational and interpersonal justice affects mutual commitment and the HF.
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