Review of Pharmacology - 9E (2015)

Kidney
224
Review of Pharmacology
15. Intravenous furosemide is used for rapid control of
symptoms in acute left ventricular failure. It provides
quick relief of dyspnoea by:
(a) Producing bronchodilation
(b) Causing rapid diuresis and reducing circulating
blood volume
(c) Causing venodilation
(d) Stimulating left ventricular contractility
16. Most potent loop diuretic is:
(a) Furosemide
(b) Bumetanide
(c) Torsemide
(d) Ethacrynic acid
17. Both loop diuretics and thiazides can cause hypokalemia
by:
(a) Inhibiting proximal tubular K + reabsorption
(b) Inhibiting Na + -K + -2C1 – cotransport in the ascending
limb of loop of Henle
(c) Increasing the availability of Na + in the distal tubular
fluid to exchange with interstitial K +
(d) Potentiating the action of aldosterone
18. Indomethacin can antagonize the diuretic action of loop
diuretics by:
(a) Preventing prostaglandin mediated intrarenalhemodynamic
actions
(b) Blocking the action in ascending limb of loop of
Henle
(c) Enhancing salt and water reabsorption in distal
tubules
(d) Increasing aldosterone secretion
19. Which of the following diuretics can result in metabolic
acidosis?
(a) Indapamide
(b) Furosemide
(c) Hydrochlorthiazide
(d) Acetazolamide
20. Long-term use of which diuretic agent can result in
gynaecomastia?
(a) Amiloride
(b) Spironolactone
(c) Triamterene
(d) Acetazolamide
21. Amiloride can cause hyperkalemia due to its action on:
(a) Electrogenic K + channels
(b) Electrogenic Na + channels
(c) Non electrogenic Na + -C1 – symporter
(d) H + -K + -ATPase
22. Amiloride differs from spironolactone in that:
(a) It has greater natriuretic action
(b) Its diuretic action is more in the presence of conditions
with elevated aldosterone levels
(c) It acts from the luminal membrane side of the distal
tubular cells
(d) It can cause hypokalemia on long term use
23. All of the following statements about amiloride are true
EXCEPT:
(a) It antagonises the action of aldosterone
(b) It is the drug of choice for the treatment of lithium
induced diabetes insipidus
(c) It decreases calcium loss in the urine
(d) It is more potent than triamterene
24. Which of the following is NOT associated with thiazide
diuretics?
(a) Hypercalciuria
(b) Hyponatremia
(c) Hypokalemia
(d) Hyperuricemia
25. Epleronone is:
(a) Aldosterone antagonist
(b) Can cause hyperkalemia in predisposed patients
(c) A diuretic
(d) All of these
26. A 50-year-old man has a history of frequent episodes
of renal colic with high calcium renal stones. The most
useful diuretic in the treatment of recurrent calcium
stones is:
(a) Furosemide
(b) Spironolactone
(c) Hydrochlorthiazide
(d) Acetazolamide
27. A 46-year-old male, Jorawar Singh presented to the
emergency with muscle weakness and cramping. He
has been taking hydrochlorothiazide for recently
diagnosed hypertension. Which of the following is the
most likely cause of his symptoms?
(a) Hypocalcemia
(b) Hyponatremia
(c) Hypokalemia
(d) Hypoglycemia
28. Furosemide should not be administered with NSAIDs
because latter: (DPG 2007)
(a) Prevent platelet aggregation
(b) Inhibit prostacyclin synthesis
(c) Decrease sodium reabsorption
(d) Increase the secretion of furosemide in urine
29. All of the following diuretics inhibit Na + – K + – 2Cl –
symporter, EXCEPT: (DPG 2006)
(a) Furosemide
(b) Thiazide
(c) Ethacrynic acid
(d) Mersalyl
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