Review of Pharmacology - 9E (2015)
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Review of Pharmacology - 9E (2015)

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<strong>Review</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Pharmacology</strong><br />

Adjuvant chemotherapy is administered<br />

after surgery or radiotherapy<br />

while neoadjuvant<br />

chemotherapy means administration<br />

<strong>of</strong> anti-cancer drugs before<br />

surgery or radiotherapy.<br />

Denileukin Deftitox<br />

It is a combination <strong>of</strong> IL-2 with diphtheria toxin and is used for cutaneous T cell lymphoma.<br />

Adjuvant chemotherapy is administered after surgery or radiotherapy while neoadjuvant<br />

chemotherapy means administration <strong>of</strong> anti-cancer drugs before surgery or radiotherapy.<br />

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used for cancers <strong>of</strong><br />

• Bladder<br />

• Breast<br />

• Colorectal<br />

• Esophagus<br />

• Stomach<br />

• Lung (non-small cell)<br />

Drugs Used to Prevent Toxicity <strong>of</strong> Anti-Cancer Drugs<br />

Chemotherapy C: Antineoplastic Drugs<br />

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is<br />

used for cancers <strong>of</strong><br />

• Bladder<br />

• Breast<br />

• Colorectal<br />

• Esophagus<br />

• Stomach<br />

• Lung (non-small cell)<br />

Drug Mechanism Indications<br />

Allopurinol Inhibit xanthine oxidase Prevent hyperuricemia from tumor lysis<br />

syndrome<br />

Rasburicase Recombinant urate oxidase Prevent hyperuricemia from tumor lysis<br />

Mesna Neutralizing agent Prevent hemorrhagic cystitis due to ifosfamide<br />

and high dose cyclophosphamide<br />

Leucovorin Replete Tetrahydr<strong>of</strong>olic acid Rescue after high dose methotrexate<br />

Amifostine<br />

Prevent radiation-induced<br />

xerostomia and<br />

Prevent radiation-induced xerostomia and<br />

cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity<br />

Dexrazoxane Iron-chelator Prevent cardiotoxicity due to anthracyclines<br />

Palifermin Keratinocyte growth factor Prevent mucositis following chemotherapy<br />

Pilocarpine Cholinergic agonist Radiation-induced xerostomia<br />

Pamidronte and<br />

Zolendronate<br />

Epoetin-alpha and<br />

Darbopoetin-alpha<br />

Filgrastim, Peg-<br />

Filgrastim,<br />

Sargramostim<br />

Bisphosphonates<br />

Erythropoietin<br />

G-CSF and<br />

GM-CSF<br />

Hypercalcemia <strong>of</strong> malignancy<br />

Anemia<br />

Febrile neutropenia prophylaxis<br />

Oprelvekin IL-11 Thrombocytopenia<br />

Ondansetron 5-HT 3<br />

antagonist Nausea and vomiting<br />

Granisetron<br />

Palonosetron<br />

Aprepitant NK-1 antagonist Cisplatin-induced delayed vomiting<br />

Therapy <strong>of</strong> choice for various cancers (Ref: CMDT <strong>2015</strong>/1597-1599)<br />

Diagnosis<br />

Treatment <strong>of</strong> choice<br />

1. ALL Induction: Vincristine + Prednisolone + Daunorubicin +<br />

Asparaginase + Intrathecal Methotrexate<br />

Consolidation: Hyper-CVAD alternated with Cytarabine +<br />

Methotrexate<br />

2. AML Cytarabine + Daunorubicin/Idarubicin<br />

3. CML Imatinib (or Nilotinib or Dasatinib)<br />

Contd...<br />

648<br />

https://kat.cr/user/Blink99/

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