Review of Pharmacology - 9E (2015)

Chemotherapy B: Antimicrobials for Specific Conditions
606
Review of Pharmacology
68. The antimicrobial agent which inhibits the ergosterol
biosynthesis is: (AIIMS Nov, 2003)
(a) Ketoconazole
(b) Amphotericin B
(c) 5-Flucytosine
(d) Griseofulvin
69. Which of the following is the treatment of choice for
cryptococcal meningitis? (AP 2003) (AIIMS Nov, 2002)
(a) Fluconazole
(b) Itraconazole
(c) Flucytosine
(d) Amphotericin B
70. Which of the following statements about fluconazole is
most accurate?
(a) It is highly effective in the treatment of aspergillosis
(b) It does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier
(c) Its oral bioavailability is less than that of ketoconazole
(d) It inhibits demethylation of lanosterol
71. If amphotericin B is administered, the patient should
be premedicated with:
(a) Diphenhydramine
(b) Ibuprofen
(c) Prednisone
(d) Any of the above
72. Which of the following statements about terbinafine is
FALSE?
(a) Its activity is restricted to dermatophytes
(b) It is effective in onychomycosis
(c) It inhibits squalene epoxidase
(d) It is used topically only
73. Fluconazole differs from ketoconazole in that:
(a) It is not active by the oral route
(b) It is a more potent inhibitor of drug metabolism
(c) It is not effective in cryptococcal meningitis
(d) It is unlikely to produce anti-androgenic side effects
74. Fluconazole is more effective than itraconazole in the
following systemic fungal disease:
(a) Pulmonary histoplasmosis
(b) Cryptococcal meningitis
(c) Non-meningeal blastomycosis
(d) Disseminated sporotrichosis
75. Ganciclovir is preferred over acyclovir in the following
condition:
(a) Herpes simplex keratitis
(b) Herpes zoster
(c) Chickenpox
(d) Cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients
76. Resistance to acyclovir is most commonly due to mutation
in a viral gene that encodes a protein that:
(a) Converts viral RNA into DNA
(b) Phosphorylates acyclovir
(c) Transports acyclovir into the cell
(d) Transports acyclovir out of the cell
77. A fungicidal drug that can be used orally for the treatment
of onychomycosis is:
(a) Griseofulvin
(b) Amphotericin B
(c) Clotrimazole
(d) Terbinafine
78. Dose limiting toxicity of amphotericin B is:
(a) Infusion related reaction
(b) Renal tubular acidosis
(c) Myelosuppression
(d) Hypotension
79. All of the following antifungal drugs inhibit ergosterol
biosynthesis EXCEPT:
(a) Ketoconazole
(b) Fluconazole
(c) Amphotericin B
(d) None of these
80. Regarding the lipid or liposomal formulations of amphotericin
B, which of the following statements is accurate?
(a) They are less expensive to use than conventional
amphotericin B
(b) They are more effective in fungal infections than
conventional preparations because they increase tissue
uptake of amphotericin B
(c) They may decrease the nephrotoxicity of amphotericin
B
(d) They have wider spectrum of antifungal activity than
conventional formulations of amphotericin B
81. Griseofulvin is not useful in one of the following:
(a) Tinea capitis (DPG 2010)
(b) Tinea cruris (DPG 2009, 2008)
(c) Tinea versicolor
(d) Tinea pedis
82. Avian influenza is treated by: (DPG 2007)
(a) Amantadine
(b) Ribavarin
(c) Cidofovir
(d) Oseltamivir
83. Amphotericin-B is obtained from: (DPG 2006)
(a) Streptomyces nodosus
(b) Streptomyces pimprina
(c) Streptomyces nousseri
(d) Streptomyces fragilis
84. Which of the following is NOT true about anti-fungal
drugs? (DPG 97)
(a) Amphotericin B is given only parenterally
(b) Griseofulvin is effective orally
(c) Ciclopirox olamine is effective in systemic mycoses
(d) Fluconazole is effective orally as well as i.v.
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