Review of Pharmacology - 9E (2015)

Review of Pharmacology
New Drugs
722
28. Avasimibe: Hypolipidemic drug acting as ACAT- 1 inhibitor.
29. Aviptadil: VIP analog useful for erectile dysfunction.
30. Axitinib: It inhibits receptor tyrosine kinases including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1,
VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3. It is specifically approved for the oral treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma after failure
of one prior systemic therapy.
31. Azilsartan medoxomil: An angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) for the treatment of hypertension.
32. Basiliximab and Daclizumab: Monoclonal antibodies used as immunosuppressants.
33. Bazedoxifene: It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe
vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause and the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in combination
with estrogen.
34. Bedaquiline: An inhibitor of mycobacterial ATP synthase indicated as a part of combination therapy in adults with
pulmonary MDR and XDR tuberculosis. It ncreases QT interval and thus should not be combined with any other drug
causing QT prolongation.
35. Belatacept: It is a a selective T-cell (lymphocyte) costimulation blocker It binds to CD 80 and CD 86 on antigen-presenting
cells, thereby blocking CD 28 mediated costimulation of T lymphocytes. It is specifically indicated for the prophylaxis of
organ rejection in adult patients receiving a kidney transplant. It is approved for use in combination with basiliximab
induction, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids.
36. Belimumab: It is a B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS)-specific inhibitor indicated for the treatment of adult patients with
active, autoantibody-positive, systemic lupus erythematosus.
37. Bendamustine: A purine alkylator hybrid chemotherapy agent indicated for the treatment of patients with chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and relapsed indolent non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
38. Beractant and Poractant: Surfactants for neonatal RDS.
39. Besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension: A topical quinolone antimicrobial for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis,
commonly referred to as “pink eye”.
40. Bevacizumab: A monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) used as angiogenesis inhibitor
recently approved for glioblastomas and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It is also indicated for treatment of metastatic
colorectal cancer.
41. Bicalutamide and Nilutamide: Androgen receptor blockers similiar to flutamide for prostate cancer.
42. Bimatoprost: Indicated for the treatment of hypotrichosis (or reduced amount of hair) of the eyelashes Growth of the
eyelashes is a well documented side effect of bimatoprost which is currently approved for the treatment of glaucoma.
43. Bortezomib: Proteosome inhibitor useful in refractory and relapsing multiple myeloma. Protoesome normally inhibits
the apoptosis and inhibition of this protein by bortezmib results in accelerated apoptosis.
44. Bosentan and sitaxentan: Endothelin receptor antagonists useful for primary pulmonary hypertension.
45. Bosutinib: It is specifically indicated for the treatment of adults with chronic, accelerated, or blast phase Philadelphia
chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myelogenous leukemia with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy. It inhibits
the Bcr-Abl kinase that promotes CML amd also inhibits the Src-family kinases.
46. Brentuximab vedotin: It is a CD 30-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of three components: 1) the
chimeric IgG 1 antibody cAC10, specific for human CD 30, 2) the microtubule disrupting agent monomethyl auristatin E
(MMAE) and 3) a protease-cleavable linker that covalently attaches MMAE to cAC 10. Brentuximab vedotin is designed
to be stable in the bloodstream, but to release MMAE upon internalization into CD-30 expressing tumor cells, resulting
in a targeted cell-killing effect It is specifically approved for 1) Hodgkin lymphoma after failure of autologous stem cell
transplant (ASCT) or after failure of at least two prior multi-agent chemotherapy regimens in patients who are not ASCT
candidates and 2) systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma after failure of at least one prior multi-agent chemotherapy
regimen It is administered intravenously.
47. Brimonidine: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist with potent vasoconstrictive activity. Its once daily topical gel formulation
is specifically indicated for the topical treatment of persistent (nontransient) erythema of rosacea in adults 18 years of
age or older.
48. Cabazitaxel: A microtubule inhibitor indicated in combination with prednisone for treatment of patients with hormonerefractory
metastatic prostate cancer.
49. Cabozantinib: It is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treatment of patients with progressive, metastatic medullary
thyroid cancer. It acts as a small molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases activated by c-Met and VEGFR2, and has been
shown to reduce tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
50. Calcitriol Ointment: Vitamin D analog indicated for the topical treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis in adults
18 years and older.
51. Canagliflozin: A sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. Inhibiting SGLT2 is believed to reduce blood
glucose levels by increasing the amount of glucose excreted in the urine. It is specifically indicated as an adjunct to diet
and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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