Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 3 - From Marx to Mao

106
V. I. LENIN
IV. ZEMSTVO STATISTICS FOR PERM GUBERNIA
In our review of Zemstvo statistics let us now turn to a
gubernia where conditions are totally different: Perm Gubernia.
Let us take Krasnoufimsk Uyezd, for which we have a
household classification made according to scale of farming.*
Here are the general data regarding the agricultural part of
the uyezd (23,574 households, 129,439 persons of both sexes).
Groups of
householders
Cultivating
% of households
% of population
of both sexes
Area under crops
per household
(dess.)
% of total area
under crops
Animals per household
no land 10.2
” up to 5 dess. 30.3
” 5 to 10 ” 27.0
” 10 to 20 ” 22.4
” 20 to 50 ” 9.4
” over 50 ” 0.7
6.5
24.8
26.7
27.3
13.5
1.2
—
1.7
4.7
9.0
17.8
37.3
—
8.9
22.4
35.1
28.9
4.7
8.9
33.6
68.7
0.3
1.2
2.1
3.5
6.1
11.2
0.9
2.3
4.7
7.8
12.8
22.4
1.7
13.7
24.5
33.8
23.2
3.1
15.4
26.3
60.1
Total 100 100 5.8 100 2.4 5.2 100
Hence, here too, notwithstanding the considerably smaller
areas under crops, we find the same ratios between the
groups, the same concentration of crop areas and animals in
the hands of a small group of well-to-do peasants. The ratio
between the land held and the land in actual economic
use is the same as in the gubernias with which we are already
familiar.**
* Material for the Statistical Survey of Perm Gubernia, Krasnoufimsk
Uyezd, Vol. III: Tables, Kazan, 1894. For purposes of comparison
we shall quote later the main data for Ekaterinburg Uyezd,
for which the same classification is given. Statistical Returns for
Ekaterinburg Uyezd, Perm Gubernia. Published by the Zemstvo of
Ekaterinburg Uyezd, Ekaterinburg, 1891.
** The total allotment land held by these peasants (all groups)
is 410,428 dess., i.e., an “average” of 17.5 dess. per household. Then
the peasants rent 53,882 dess. of arable and 597,180 dess. of meadow
land, making a total of 651,062 dess. (households renting arable—
8,903, and renting meadow land—9,167) and they lease out allotment
land—arable—50,548 dess. (8,553 peasants) and meadow land—7,186
dess. (2,180 peasants), making a total of 57,734 dess.
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Draught
Total number
of animals in
terms of cattle
% of total
animals
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