Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 3 - From Marx to Mao

120
V. I. LENIN
Here too, consequently, we see that the well-to-do peasants,
despite their better provision with allotment land (the
percentage of allotment land in the top groups is larger than
the percentage these groups constitute in the population),
concentrate in their hands the purchased land (the well-to-do
households, 9.6% of the total, have 46.2% of the purchased
land, whereas the poor peasants, q of the households, have
less than a quarter), as well as concentrate the rented
land, and “gather” the allotment land leased by the poor.
As a result of all this the actual distribution of the land
in use by the “peasantry” is quite unlike the distribution
of the allotment land. The horseless peasants have
actually less land at their disposal than the allotment guaranteed
them by law. The one-horse and two-horse peasants
increase their holdings by only 10 to 30% (from 8.1 dess. to
9.4 dess., and from 10.5 dess. to 13.8 dess.), whereas the wellto-do
peasants increase their holdings one and a half times to
FROM MARX
TO MAO
�⋆ NOT FOR
COMMERCIAL
DISTRIBUTION
double. While the differences in the allotment land of the
groups are negligible, the differences in the actual scale of
cultivation are enormous, as can be seen from the abovequoted
data on animals and from the following data on area
under crops:
Groups of
householders
Area under crops
per household
(dess.)
% of total area
under crops
Horseless 1.9 11.4 0.8 1.4 54.4
With 1 horse 4.4 32.9 1.2 2.9 21.8
” 2 horses 7.2 32.4 3.9 7.4 21.4
” 3 ” 10.8 15.6 8.4 15.3 21.4
” 4 and more 16.6 7.7 17.6 25.1 23.0
Total 5.0 100 2.6 4.6 31.6
* For Knyaginin Uyezd only.
% of households
employing labourers
% of peasants
with commercial
& industrial establishments*
% of hhlds
with outside
employments