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Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 3 - From Marx to Mao

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648 NOTES<br />

72<br />

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81<br />

<strong>to</strong> redeem them). The gilt-lander received a miserable strip, amounting<br />

al<strong>to</strong>gether <strong>to</strong> a quarter <strong>of</strong> the so-called “<strong>to</strong>p” or “statu<strong>to</strong>ry”<br />

allotment, i.e., <strong>of</strong> the allotment established by law for the given<br />

locality. All the rest <strong>of</strong> the lands that had constituted the<br />

peasants’ allotments before the Reform were seized by the<br />

landlord, who held his “gift-landers,” forcibly dispossessed <strong>of</strong> their<br />

land, in a state <strong>of</strong> economic bondage even after serfdom was<br />

abolished.<br />

“Three-dayers,” a category <strong>of</strong> allotment-holding agricultural<br />

wage-workers. Farming the land he held on a poverty level,<br />

the “three-dayer” was a day labourer who, in return for grain<br />

or 20 <strong>to</strong> 30 rubles in cash, had <strong>to</strong> agree <strong>to</strong> conditions <strong>of</strong> bondage,<br />

or pay <strong>of</strong>f the debt by working three days a week throughout<br />

the summer on the farm <strong>of</strong> the kulak or the landlord who made<br />

the loan. This type <strong>of</strong> allotment-holding agricultural labourer<br />

was met with on a particularly extensive scale in the northwestern<br />

gubernias <strong>of</strong> tsarist Russia. p. 179<br />

Ostsee region—the Baltic region <strong>of</strong> tsarist Russia, which included<br />

the gubernias <strong>of</strong> Esthland, Courland and Liflandia. This area<br />

is now the terri<strong>to</strong>ry <strong>of</strong> the Latvian and Es<strong>to</strong>nian Soviet<br />

Socialist Republics. p. 179<br />

Karl <strong>Marx</strong>, Capital, <strong>Vol</strong>. I, Moscow, 1958, pp. 163-165. p. 183<br />

Karl <strong>Marx</strong>, Capital, <strong>Vol</strong>. III, Moscow, 1959, pp. 322-327, 580-<br />

584, 595-596. p. 184<br />

Karl <strong>Marx</strong>, Capital, <strong>Vol</strong>. III, Moscow, 1959, p. 581. p. 184<br />

Karl <strong>Marx</strong>, Capital, <strong>Vol</strong>. III, Moscow, 1959, p. 326. p. 184<br />

Karl <strong>Marx</strong>, Capital, <strong>Vol</strong>. III, Moscow, 1959, p. 323. p. 184<br />

The Narodnik theory <strong>of</strong> “people’s production” is criticised by<br />

<strong>Lenin</strong> in his earlier work What the “Friends <strong>of</strong> the People” Are<br />

and How They Fight the Social-Democrats. (See present edition,<br />

<strong>Vol</strong>. 1.) p. 184<br />

The first six sections <strong>of</strong> this chapter originally appeared as an<br />

article in the journal Nachalo (Beginning), Issue No. 3, March<br />

1899 (pp. 96-117) under the title <strong>of</strong> “The Dislodgement <strong>of</strong><br />

Corvée by Capitalist Economy in Contemporary Russian Agriculture.”<br />

The article was accompanied by the following edi<strong>to</strong>rial<br />

note: “This article is an extract from the author’s considerable<br />

investigation <strong>of</strong> the development <strong>of</strong> capitalism in Russia.” p. 191<br />

See Karl <strong>Marx</strong> and Frederick Engels, On Britain, Moscow, 1953,<br />

p. 10. p. 192<br />

Karl <strong>Marx</strong>, Capital, <strong>Vol</strong>. III, Moscow, 1959, p. 771. p. 193

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