Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 3 - From Marx to Mao

518
V. I. LENIN
Directory for 1879 to get a clear idea of the extent of this
spurt.* But Mr. N. —on does not hesitate completely to
distort the facts to suit his romantic theory.
VIII. THE DISTRIBUTION OF LARGE-SCALE INDUSTRY
Besides the concentration of production in very large
establishments, the concentration of production in separate
factory industrial centres and the different types of factory
centres are also important in characterising large-scale
machine industry. Unfortunately, our factory statistics
not only supply unsatisfactory and incomparable material,
but arrange it in a far from adequate manner. For
example, in contemporary publications the distribution of
industry is shown only by gubernias (and not by towns and
uyezds as was done in the best publications of the 60s,
which, in addition, illustrated the distribution of factory
industry with maps). But in order to present an accurate
picture of the distribution of large-scale industry, the data
must be taken for separate centres, i.e., for separate towns,
industrial settlements, or groups of industrial settlements
situated close together; gubernias or uyezds are too big
as territorial units.** In view of this, we thought it
* See, for instance, felt cloth production—increased output
of army cloth; tanning—enormous activity, leather goods—a large
factory produces goods to the amount of 2.5 million rubles “for the
War Department” (p. 288). The Izhevsk and the Sestroretsk works
turn out artillery supplies to the value of 72 million rubles, as
against 14 million rubles in 1890. In copper-working one notes the
production of supplies for the troops and of military instruments
pp. 388-389); explosive factories work at full capacity, etc.
** “... In the uyezds (of Moscow Gubernia) the factories and
works are far from evenly distributed: in highly industrialised uyezds,
side by side with localities which, because of the more or less considerable
concentration there of factory establishments, can be called
real factory centres, one comes across entire volosts almost wholly
devoid of factory industry; and, on the contrary, in uyezds generally
poor in factories and works, there are districts with a more or less
considerable development of one industry or another; side by side
with handicraft cottages and workrooms larger establishments have
arisen possessing all the attributes of large-scale production.”
(Statistical Returns for Moscow Gubernia, Section of sanitation Statistics,
vol. IV, Sec. 1, Moscow, 1890, p. 141.) This publication, the