Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 3 - From Marx to Mao

146
V. I. LENIN
XI. A COMPARISON OF THE ARMY-HORSE CENSUSES
OF 1888-1891 AND 1896-1900
The army-horse censuses of 1896 and 1899-1900 enable
us now to compare the latest data with those quoted above.
By combining the 5 southern gubernias (1896) with 43
of the rest (1899-1900), we get the following data for
48 gubernias of European Russia:
1896-1900
Groups of farms Peasant households Horses owned Horses per
Total % Total % household
Horseless . . . . . . 3,242,462 29.2
59.5
— — —
With 1 horse. . . . . 3,361,778 30.3 3,361,778 19.9 1
” 2 horses . . . . 2,446,731 22.0 4,893,462 28.9 2
” 3 horses . . . . 1,047,900 9.4
18.5
3,143,700 18.7
51.2
3
” 4 and more . . . 1,013,416 9.1
5,476,503 32.5
Total. . . . . . . 11,112,287 100 16,875,443 100 1.5
For 1888-1891 we cited data for 49 gubernias. Of these,
the latest data are lacking only for one, namely, Archangel
Gubernia. Subtracting the figures for this gubernia from
those given above, we get for the same 48 gubernias in
1888-1891 the following picture:
1888-1891
Groups of farms Peasant households Horses owned Horses per
Total % Total % household
Horseless . . . . . . 2,765,970 27.3
55.8
— — —
With 1 horse. . . . . 2,885,192 28.5 2,885,192 1 7.1 1
” 2 horses . . . . 2,240,574 22.2 4,481,148 26.5 2
” 3 horses . . . . 1,070,250 10.6
22.0
3,210,750 18.9
56.4
3
” 4 and more . . . 1,154,674 11.4
6,333,106 37.5
{
{
{
{
Total. . . . . . . 10,116,660 100 16,910,196 100
1.6
A comparison of 1888-1891 and 1896-1900 reveals the
growing expropriation of the peasantry. The number of
households increased by nearly 1 million. The number of
horses diminished, although very slightly. The number of
horseless households increased with particular rapidity, and
their percentage rose from 27.3 to 29.2. Instead of 5.6 million
poor peasants (horseless and one-horse), we now have
{
{
5.4
5.5