Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 3 - From Marx to Mao

478
V. I. LENIN
840 workers and an output of 505,000 rubles; 1890—143
establishments, with 1,859 workers and an output of 857,000
rubles. That is to say, instead of the decrease in the number
of “factories” and stagnation in the number of workers
shown in the statistics, there was actually a considerable
increase in both the one and the other. In brick-making
the official data for 1879 showed 2,627 establishments,
with 28,800 workers and an output totalling 6,963,000
rubles; for 1890—1,292 establishments, with 24,334 workers
and an output of 7,249,000 rubles; and without the small
establishments (those with an output of less than 2,000
rubles) we get for 1879—518 establishments, with 19,057
workers and an output of 5,625,000 rubles; and for 1890—
1,096 establishments, with 23,222 workers and an output
of 7,240,000 rubles.*
4) M e t a l l u r g i c a l I n d u s t r i e s
In the factory statistics for the metallurgical industries
the sources of confusion are, firstly, the inclusion of
small establishments (exclusively in the 60s and 70s),**
and, secondly and mainly, the fact that metallurgical
plants are “subject, not to the jurisdiction” of the Department
of Commerce and Manufacture, but to that of the
Department of Mines. The returns of the Ministry of
Finance usually omit ironworks “on principle”; but there
have never been uniform and invariable rules for the separation
of ironworks from the other works (and it would hardly
* The small establishments in these industries are now classed
with the handicrafts. Cf., for instance, the table of small industries
(Appendix I) or Studies, pp. 158-159. (See present edition, Vol. 2,
The Handicraft Census of 1894-95 in Perm Gubernia.—Ed.). The
Ministry of Finance Yearbook (Vol. I) refused to give totals for these
industries because the figures were obviously exaggerated. Progress
in statistics since then is expressed in an increased boldness and
disregard of the quality of material used.
** Thus, in the 60s, dozens of smithies were classed for some
gubernias as “ironworks.” See Returns and Material of the Ministry
of Finance, 1866, No. 4, p. 406; 1867, No. 6 p. 384.—Statistical
Chronicle, Series II, Vol. 6.—Cf. also the example quoted above (§II)
where the Yearbook for 1866 includes the small handicraftsmen of the
Pavlovo district among the “factory owners:”