Gjuhësi Ballkanike

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The repetition or the anticipation of the objects in the Balkan languages is, in essence, a
redundant use of grammatical means for particular communicative connotations. In all the cases
described so far the basis of the double object ~ undoubled object oppositions is, in essence, the
same, although the factor of redoubling by means of the unstressed pronominal forms of the first
two persons is different from that of the third person, and this is one of the most difficult
questions to make clear.(27). The redoubling by means of the unstressed pronominal form of the
third person, as it was already pointed out, has been, in all probability, brought about to
distinguish the object representing the theme from that representing the rheme of the
communication. Thus, here we have to do, in essence, with a manifestation of a somewhat
general tendency of the Balkan languages to make the oral communication as clear as possible
through the redundant use of lexical-grammatical or purely grammatical means.(28). The
redoubling of the objects expressed by the first two persons of the personal pronouns is surely a
manifestation of the above-mentioned tendency as well. But such a phenomenon in this case has
been brought about on account of emphasis, the object representing the rheme of the
communication.(29). On the other hand, when the objects are expressed by means of the
personal pronouns of the third person (be they full or unstressed forms), they cannot represent
the rheme of the communication because of their indefinite semantic content (see also & 7). In
such a case the full forms redoubling the unstressed forms are used whenever the speaker likes
to render the objects somewhat more concrete.(30).
In the western Romance languages, too, the repetition or the anticipation of the objects through
the unstressed forms of the personal pronouns is likely to have been brought about by those
factors accounting for the same phenomenon in the Balkan languages. But this hypothesis, of
course, should be made subject to further researches and argued through the data of those
languages.(31).
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