Steven Pinker -- How the Mind Works - Hampshire High Italian ...

The Meaning of Life 543of situations the rules permit. A good training regime is to build up amental catalogue of tens of thousands of game challenges and the movesthat allowed good players to do well in them. In artificial intelligence, itis called case-based reasoning.Life has even more moves than chess. People are always, to someextent, in conflict, and their moves and countermoves multiply out to anunimaginably vast set of interactions. Partners, like the prisoners in thehypothetical dilemma, can either cooperate or defect, on this move andon subsequent moves. Parents, offspring, and siblings, because of theirpartial genetic overlap, have both common and competing interests, andany deed that one party directs toward another may be selfless, selfish, ora mixture of the two. When boy meets girl, either or both may see theother as a spouse, as a one-night stand, or neither. Spouses may be faithfulor adulterous. Friends may be false friends. Allies may assume lessthan their fair share of the risk, or may defect as the finger of fate turnstoward them. Strangers may be competitors or outright enemies. Thesegames are taken into higher dimensions by the possibility of deception,which allows words and deeds to be either true or false, and self-deception,which allows sincere words and deeds to be either true or false.They are expanded into still higher dimensions by rounds of paradoxicaltactics and countertactics, in which a person's usual goals—control, reason,and knowledge—are voluntarily surrendered to make the personunthreatenable, trustworthy, or too dangerous to challenge.The intrigues of people in conflict can multiply out in so many waysthat no one could possibly play out the consequences of all courses ofaction in the mind's eye. Fictional narratives supply us with a mental catalogueof the fatal conundrums we might face someday and the outcomesof strategies we could deploy in them. What are the options if Iwere to suspect that my uncle killed my father, took his position, andmarried my mother? If my hapless older brother got no respect in thefamily, are there circumstances that might lead him to betray me? What'sthe worst that could happen if I were seduced by a client while my wifeand daughter were away for the weekend? What's the worst that couldhappen if I had an affair to spice up my boring life as the wife of a countrydoctor? How can I avoid a suicidal confrontation with raiders whowant my land today without looking like a coward and thereby ceding itto them tomorrow? The answers are to be found in any bookstore orvideo shop. The cliche that life imitates art is true because the functionof some kinds of art is for life to imitate it.