AMMONIUM SULFATE CAS N°: 7783-20-2
AMMONIUM SULFATE CAS N°: 7783-20-2
AMMONIUM SULFATE CAS N°: 7783-20-2
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OECD SIDS<br />
<strong>AMMONIUM</strong> <strong>SULFATE</strong><br />
5. TOXICITY ID: <strong>7783</strong>-<strong>20</strong>-2<br />
DATE: 18.04.<strong>20</strong>06<br />
12-APR-<strong>20</strong>06 (11)<br />
Type:<br />
Distribution<br />
Result:<br />
Membrane transport of the ammonium ion by the human<br />
erythrocyte has been demonstrated.<br />
Reliability: (2) valid with restrictions<br />
older study, older methods<br />
14-JUN-<strong>20</strong>04 (107)<br />
In Vitro/in vivo:<br />
Type:<br />
In vivo<br />
Absorption<br />
Result: Administration of an ammonium salt (ammonium chloride, 9<br />
mg/kg bw) orally to <strong>20</strong> healthy adult male and female<br />
volunteers caused a transient increase in ammonia<br />
concentrations in arterial blood in approximately half of<br />
the subjects. Concentrations peaked at 15 minutes and<br />
returned to fasting levels by 30 minutes. However, in 50<br />
male patients with cirrhosis of the liver, blood-ammonia<br />
levels increased from already elevated fasting levels to<br />
much higher peak concentrations at 15 minutes, followed by a<br />
slow decrease reflecting impaired hepatic urea synthesis.<br />
Blood-ammonia levels, before and after administration of<br />
ammonium chloride were significantly higher among cirrhotic<br />
patients with portacaval anastomoses than among patients<br />
lacking such shunts.<br />
Reliability: (2) valid with restrictions<br />
10-NOV-<strong>20</strong>03 (108)<br />
In Vitro/in vivo:<br />
Type:<br />
In vivo<br />
Metabolism<br />
Remark:<br />
After intestinal absorption, ammonium ions are primarily<br />
transformed by the liver to urea, and subsequently excreted<br />
in the urine. Some nitrogen derived from absorbed ammonium<br />
is incorporated in amino acids and proteins.<br />
Reliability: (2) valid with restrictions<br />
reliable review<br />
Flag:<br />
Critical study for SIDS endpoint<br />
10-APR-<strong>20</strong>06 (11)<br />
In Vitro/in vivo:<br />
Type:<br />
Species:<br />
In vivo<br />
Distribution<br />
rat<br />
Result:<br />
144<br />
The effect of ammonia intoxication has been studied after<br />
intraperitoneal injection of various ammonium salts to rats<br />
including ammonium sulfate. A standardized dose of<br />
10.6 mmol NH4-N/kg (1,4 g/kg bw) was lethal within 8-13<br />
minutes for all 13 ammonium salts tested including ammonium<br />
sulfate.<br />
Increased levels of NH4-N were detected in blood and brain. A<br />
drastic fall in blood pH (7.05) was noted at the moment of<br />
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