AMMONIUM SULFATE CAS N°: 7783-20-2

OECD SIDS
AMMONIUM SULFATE
5. TOXICITY ID: 7783-20-2
DATE: 18.04.2006
No. of animals: 216
Doses: 18 %
Result:
negative
Result:
Ammonium sulfate did not cause irreversible histologic or
functional damage in the rat nerve model and was at least as
safe as currently approved regional anesthetics in all age
groups. Because of its longer action, the use of ammonium
sulfate as an anesthetic in pediatric and adult populations
warrants further investigation. Additionally, neonatal
injection injury is more focal and recovers faster than
adults, supporting the clinical observation that neonatal
nerve is superior.
Test condition: 216 Lewis rats aged 4 days, 3weeks, or 3 month were
anesthetized for exposure of the right sciatic nerve. An
intrafascicular (if) injection was delivered into the
posterior tibial nerve fascile proximal to the trifurcation
using ammonium sulfate and other experimental agents (n=18
rats/age/agent): 10% ammonium sulfate, 0.9% saline (negative
control), 5% phenol (positive control).
The volume of injected material was proportional to nerve
size: 4-day, 3-week, and adult rats received 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3
mL, respectively. Sham animals underwent sciatic nerve
exposure without injection. All animals were followed for 8
weeks with serial walking track analyses to assess functional
recovery.
At 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively, one third of the animals
(n=6) from each experimental group were sacrificed and their
posterior tibial nerves harvested for light microscopy to
assess the extent of histologic damage.
Reliability: (2) valid with restrictions
12-APR-2006 (162)
Endpoint:
Species:
other: ammonium salt poisoning
sheep
Remark:
Result:
Reliability:
208
Three groups of sheep were intraruminally injected with
ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, or a mixture of ammonium
chloride, carbonate, phosphate, and sulfate, respectively.
Ammonium sulfate treatment: 8 ewes were given single or
multiple doses of 1.0 to 3.5 g/kg bw, 4 ewes were used as
negative controls.
The pathologic alterations were similar in all groups of
sheep.
General passive hyperemia and numerous petechial and
ecchymotic hemorrhages in the musculature, heart, thymus, and
lungs were constant gross alterations. The lungs especially
were distended and severely congested.
On microscopic examination, the pulmonary lesions included
severe hyperemia, hemorrhage, alveolar edema, and alveolar
emphysema. In the thymus, there were degeneration and necrosis
of Halls corpuscles and centrilobular hemorrhages. Lesions in
kidneys included severe generalized cloudy swelling and
multiple foci of early coagulative necrosis of the proximal
convoluted tubes, general hyperemia of glomerula trufts, and
degeneration of the glomerular truft cells.
(2) valid with restrictions
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